Respiratory Pharmacotherapy-Nursing Assignment help

1. Introduction

The beginning and end of life are marked by important changes in breathing. Cardiovascular and neurological surgeons rely on numerous drugs to support life during complex operations, and the terminal care of many chronically ill patients revolves around controlling the distress of air hunger. In addition, the expansion of the pharmaceutical industry, the appearance of new drugs with every passing month, and a never-ending cascade of technological advances have all combined to make many medical practitioners feel that a working understanding of modern drug therapy is just out of reach. For pulmonary health professionals, be they physicians, nurses, or pharmacists, the situation is indeed complex. Simple relaxation and an enjoyable read might seem elusive when one surveys the medical literature since every journal and textbook under the sun seems to carry some new information about the multitude of drugs used in the treatment of respiratory disease. Subtotal: 24.0 Data and information about patient well-being are being generated at a stunning pace, often causing confusion and consternation. Well-designed studies tend to be published long after clinical impressions begin to change, and the modern shift in the drug lag – that is, the time that elapses between the discovery of a new drug and its marketing approval – often results in patients demanding information about pharmacologic possibilities that their doctor has yet to touch upon with them. In the face of all these challenges, a resource that can be used to calm the intellectual and emotional waters has emerged – “Respiratory Pharmacotherapy.” This text was written by Dr. Thomas J. Stillwell, MD, who completed a medicine/pulmonary fellowship in Cleveland, Ohio. There, he was exposed to an evolving and technology-driven approach to pulmonary medicine. Dr. Stillwell currently serves as the Medical Director of the Intensive Respiratory Care Unit at Marymount Hospital and as the Medical Director of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Department at Deaconess Hospital, both in Cleveland. This introduction should serve not only to acquaint the reader with the text but also to provide a brief overview of respiratory pharmacotherapy and its importance.to provide the appropriate frame of reference for pursuing the rest of the material. Even in simply defining “respiratory pharmacotherapy,” which is the book’s prime mode of study, attention should be given to proper context-setting and word choices. Dr. Stillwell believes that understanding an ambiguous phrase such as this is key to integrating study material with clinical demonstrations of problems and solutions. His scholarship on the subject of lung medicine is.

1.1. Definition of Respiratory Pharmacotherapy

Respiratory pharmacotherapy is defined as the practice of pharmacy dealing with the treatment of respiratory ailments and disorders. The practice of respiratory pharmacotherapy aims at providing alleviation from distress caused by breathing problems such as chronic chest pains and tightness, and also optimization of respiration. Furthermore, the practice of respiratory pharmacotherapy aims at restoring or working towards normal lung function and achieving and maintaining health in the long term. The practice of respiratory pharmacotherapy involves the administration of various types of medicines that aid in the dilatation of respiratory passages, suppression of chronic inflammation, control of hypersensitivity reactions, and provision of necessary medications for combating respiratory infections. The common conditions that are treated through respiratory pharmacotherapy include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, pneumonia, and chronic bronchitis. The pharmacist performing respiratory pharmacotherapy must be knowledgeable in the pulmonary ailment being treated and the therapies available for such conditions. These practices and more are the objectives of respiratory pharmacotherapy as supported by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP). Respiratory pharmacotherapy practices apply the tools of evidence-based pharmacotherapy in a multidisciplinary approach with clinicians and researchers in the search for the most optimal therapies. Given this, a lot of teaching and research in the area of respiratory pharmacotherapy began in the late 20th century and today there is a greater understanding of the scientific basis of respiratory diseases, and their subsequent impact on patient care and disease management. To appreciate and achieve the goals of respiratory pharmacotherapy, a patient-centric approach is adopted in the practice whereby patients are encouraged to learn about the medications they are taking, the expected effects, and potential adverse reactions so that patients can make informed decisions about their health and playing a main role in managing their ailments. The success of respiratory pharmacotherapy not only depends on the pharmacist’s expertise in the design and implementation of pharmaceutical care plans that are individualized for a specific patient but also on the successful execution of each plan by the patient. This gives the patient motivation and drive to comply with the evidence-based pharmacotherapy protocols and vigilance in making recommendations to other healthcare professionals about the patients. The practice of respiratory pharmacotherapy as a valuable healthcare practice has continued to draw interest from healthcare professionals and as noted in the literature, there is a growing body of specialized knowledge around pharmacotherapy and related studies on respiration. As can be evidenced by the different educational programs and initiatives in cardiovascular and pulmonary medicine, there is no doubt the future of respiratory pharmacotherapy will continue to be vibrant and full of exciting opportunities.

1.2. Importance of Respiratory Pharmacotherapy

It is essential to understand that respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and allergic rhinitis are often prolonged and associated with a decreased quality of life. Therefore, it is important to treat these conditions with proper medication. There are two main objectives of respiratory pharmacotherapy. The first goal is to provide immediate relief of respiratory distress caused by bronchoconstriction or cough. Bronchoconstriction is the narrowing of the airways in the lungs due to the tightening of surrounding smooth muscle, whereas cough is caused by irritation of the respiratory tract by allergens, infections, or other factors. These two symptoms are the most common ones that bother patients with respiratory conditions. In order to provide rapid and effective treatment to relieve these symptoms, the healthcare professional may prescribe short-acting bronchodilators and cough suppressants. On the other hand, frequent symptom control is the second main objective of respiratory pharmacotherapy. In general, frequent symptom refers to an event that occurs more than twice a week while persistent symptoms are experienced daily. It is usually seen in moderate to severe respiratory conditions. To achieve this goal, maintenance medications are required to maximize lung function and relieve day-to-day respiratory symptoms. With proper and timely medication, respiratory conditions can be effectively controlled, and the patient will have a better prognosis. Also, the frequency of sudden acute exacerbations or flare-ups will be significantly reduced. Patients must be advised to take their medication as prescribed by the healthcare professional and adhere to the treatment plans consistently. Generally, respiratory pharmacotherapy is emphasized in respiratory care. Fatal respiratory conditions may result from inadequate treatment of acute respiratory distress or from chronic respiratory conditions that are sub-optimally controlled. By understanding the importance of respiratory drug therapy, proper medication can be taken, and better lungs can be achieved. This will help to maintain respiratory conditions under control and prevent severe damage to the lungs. In addition, the importance of educating patients on the proper use of various devices for respiratory medications, such as aerosolized therapy and inhalers, cannot be underestimated. Cultivating a sense of self-efficacy in the patient’s ability to manage their respiratory condition is another critical aspect and can be achieved through sharing some knowledge. This education can be provided by the healthcare professional in their field of expertise. Also, the importance of this education and the emphasis on the patient’s self-efficacy will help to elevate the status of respiratory care and direct further resources into this area of healthcare, thus improving the standards of care delivered to patients with respiratory conditions. All in all, we cannot deny the significance of respiratory pharmacotherapy, which is essential in treating both acute and chronic respiratory conditions such as bronchial asthma. It is also important to stress the role of healthcare professionals involved in respiratory care. Therefore, the introduction of pharmacist prescribing, the increased level of patient education, and the emphasis on the patient’s self-efficacy are trying to establish a more proactive approach to respiratory care. Modern-day pharmacists have vast experience in providing patient care and conducting and communicating research in a particular area of drug therapy. The understanding of various types and classes of medication and the incredible potential that lies in them will allow pharmacists the opportunity to direct their expertise toward the diagnosis and management of treatment for patient benefit. Such advances in pharmacotherapy will pave the way for better treatment provided to patients in many areas of clinical health, respiratory conditions being one of them.

1.3. Role of Medications in Respiratory Conditions

Treatment for respiratory conditions can differ a great deal depending on what the condition is and what’s causing it. Many different medications can be used to manage and treat respiratory conditions. A medication is any kind of chemical that is taken to change the way that the body works – this includes anything from paracetamol to medication for asthma. There are lots of different medications for the airways, and often the type of medication will depend on how severe the condition is, how somebody individual because some people might find that one type of treatment works well for them, whereas somebody else might not find the same benefits. Different conditions might also need different types of medication. For example, chronic respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often need regular long-term medication to keep the lungs working as well as possible, whereas somebody who only gets asthma symptoms every now and then might use a ‘reliever’ inhaler and not need any other medication. There are many different types of medication that people might take for respiratory conditions, but popular examples include inhalers, nebulizers, oxygen therapy, and oral medication. It might be helpful for conservative women who are planning on having children to discuss this with their respiratory consultant as the consultants may advise that some types of inhalers are more suitable during pregnancy than others. With lots of different medications and options for treating respiratory conditions, people need to receive the correct information and be prescribed the most suitable medication for them to manage their symptoms effectively and lead a normal life….

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