Will facial, gestures, and body language be impossible to reconstruct when trying to validate and reconstruct a crime scene. Will facial, gestures, and body language be impossible to reconstruct when trying to validate and reconstruct a crime scene
I need help writing a 600 word essay ( approximately two pages, doubled- spaced, in 12-point font). Compare and contrast the positive and negative consequences of globalization and how it changed the world. Cite your sources and references.
Explain the difference between a patent and a trademark. Then further discuss: Should a company be allowed to patent a life form? Does it matter if the life form is a non-sentient organism like a plant?
250 words
For this discussion:
What is rehabilitation in the legal context? Research three types of rehabilitation and describe how and why each is used. Which of the three has been demonstrated to be the most effective? Explain.
use scholarly resources
Identify and discuss some methods for reporting evaluation findings, including strategies for maximizing utilization and benefit to the program, stakeholders, and community. What are some of the ethical considerations with regard to interpretation and reporting?
Recent history, specifically the past decade, has provided plenty of examples of the mutually beneficial relationship between terrorist organizations and the media. Critics of this symbiotic relationship argue that government restrictions on the media are necessary in the fight against terrorism.
Based on this concept, comment in your initial post whether or not you feel that government leaders should be allowed to impose censorship on the media with regard to their coverage of terrorism. The two replies to other posts can either be a response to a question about your analysis or to the classmate whose work you reviewed.
To complete this assignment, review the Discussion Rubric document.
PDF: The Media as an Enabler for Acts of Terrorism
This article examines the relationship between terrorism and the media and asserts that the media does indeed function as an enabler for terrorism.
Article: Terrorism, the Media, and the Government: Perspectives, Trends, and Options for Policymakers
This Congressional Research Service Report responds to a range of inquiries received by the Congressional Research Service on the nature of the relationship of terrorist initiatives, publicity, and governments.
As you read these reports, consider the following questions:
The relationship between terrorism and the media is often referred to as symbiotic in that this unwitting relationship often benefits both parties. During this module, we will explore this concept in order to better understand the relationship that exists between terrorism and the media and how we may use that understanding to develop mitigation strategies to counter it.
One of the main reasons for this symbiosis is that the success of both terrorism and the media are interdependent to some extent. Terrorism requires public awareness in order to promote and spread its ideological views. Beheading a journalist in the middle of nowhere without any witnesses in an effort to promote a political agenda does not spread fear amongst a population. However, doing so during a primetime media broadcast is an extremely powerful and motivating tactic for the terrorist group. The bottom line is that terrorism, regardless of its motivations and ideologies, requires an audience in order to be effective. The media provides that audience in a very efficient way.
As mentioned above, the terrorism/media relationship is mutually beneficial. The media has just as much to gain from acts of terrorism. Given their desire to instill fear, promote change, and raise awareness for a specific ideological point of view, acts of terrorism are typically very dramatic and attract a lot of attention. The business of mass media is all about viewership and ratings. The more people tune in to watch, the more the media profits from the event. There is perhaps no better draw to the media than an act of terrorism. There has always been a psychological connection between human beings and violence and traumatic events. The media fully understands this connection and exploits it to its fullest. There is a direct correlation between the drama and violence created through an act of terrorism, the amount of viewers drawn to a media outlet, and the profits made by the media moguls who produce it.
The creation of cable news networks, like CNN in the early 1980s, followed by the advent of the so called “24-hour news cycle” has only served to perpetuate and exacerbated this relationship. Mainstream news media is now required to produce newsworthy material 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The days of the nightly news broadcast of the day’s significant factual events is long gone. This increased requirement for numerous hours of so-called “newsworthy” material plays right into the hand of terrorism. As more and more people become exposed to violent activity through the media, they become in a sense immune to its effects and therefore require even more extreme and dramatic programming in order to satisfy their psychological need. This perpetuates the spread of violence and encourages the media to seek out more horrific events to broadcast as well as inspires terrorists to up their game to create more dramatic and violent acts to attract the attention of the media and its viewers.
There are essentially four primary ways in which terrorism benefits from its use of the media to include attention and awareness, recognition, sympathy, and legitimacy.
Attention and Awareness
The first, increased attention and awareness, is how fear is spread. This is a significant benefit of using the media for terrorists. The immersion of the public into every terrorist act makes them keenly aware of their own vulnerability. Every time a terrorist attack takes place on a bus, in a café, or in a police station, from anywhere on earth, terrorists send a clear message that they can strike anywhere and at any time. This obviously has a psychological impact on the population and can leave the population psychologically vulnerable. This vulnerability can have a snowball effect, causing fear to spread throughout the entire country. Fear caused the United States to enact the Patriot Act; fear also caused Spain to withdraw from Iraq. As mentioned above, the more violent and dramatic the violence is, the more the local population grows accustomed and essentially desensitized to it, resulting in the need for even more dramatic and violent events. September 11, 2001 was an escalation by al-Qaeda after lesser attacks occurred, including the first World Trade Center bombing in 1993, the simultaneous U.S. Embassy bombings in Tanzania and Kenya in 1998, and the attack on the USS Cole in Yemen in 2000. It can be reasoned that media coverage can actually cause an increase in frequency and severity of attacks.
Recognition
Perhaps just as important as spreading fear is why the terrorists are spreading the fear in the first place. The use of mainstream media to promote and essentially market the group’s ideology is crucial to their efforts. Terrorism is solely a tactic that an individual or group uses to promote and further some sort of political, social, religious, or ideological goal, getting people to understand that the act is only a means to the end. Confusing means and ends is detrimental to the fight against terrorism. We must understand that the goal is not only important but is paramount in countering terrorism. It is not enough for people to see the act of terrorism; they must understand why the act was conducted in the first place. Without that, the act was just a random act of violence. Making the Spanish people aware of why a train blew up in Madrid let them know that they could stop these attacks simply by pressuring their government to withdraw from Iraq. This message of why the attack took place was more important than creating fear from the attack. People understood they could stop the terrorists by forcing their government’s hand. That is, the people become the mechanism of terrorists’ objective accomplishment. What makes this even more dubious is that the media typically reports on this aspect of the story without terrorist prodding. This backstory makes for interesting journalism yet gives the terrorists a stage from which to spread their message.
Sympathy
Terrorism is also used to gain support for a cause. These groups need support to exist. From recruitment to monetary and logistical support, fulfilling these requirements becomes much easier if like-minded individuals are found. Spreading the message through media attention is crucial to finding those people. The use of the media to gain sympathy helps secure that support. Terrorism is supported by active and passive supporters, and the media facilitates introduction to both. Passive supporters may send money or food, while active supporters may help train, provide transportation or safe haven, or even participate in the attacks. The media connects potential supporters with the terrorists.
Legitimacy
Finally, media coverage of a terrorist attack not only raises awareness for the cause but also serves to legitimize the terrorist group that conducted the attack. This legitimacy is equally important to spreading or advancing the cause. It is through this legitimacy that a terrorist group is able to attract new recruits, raise money, and garner political power. Groups like Sinn Féin in Ireland, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and Hamas in the Middle East, all started out as terrorist groups and through their media exploits are now considered legitimate political organizations within their respective communities. While many consider these groups to still be terrorists, they have been deemed to some extent “legitimate” in the eyes of the international community. This legitimacy also provided terrorist groups the means to attract state support. Terrorists have often had a difficult time finding state support; however legitimate groups have found it much easier to come by. The media facilitates this legitimization.
Peer post one
Hello Class,
I do believe government leaders should be allowed to impose censorship on the media with regard to their coverage of terrorism however, it is a hard thing to do when there are constitutional rights involved. Many individuals have called on Congress to pass laws regulating online content promoting terrorism or violence. In order for them to pass those laws, Congress will have to work around the First Amendment. As the Supreme Court has observed, while the First Amendment protects the freedom of speech, it does not protect violence. A major issue when it comes to the First Amendment is the protections when it comes to foreign nationals posting online content from abroad.
If government leaders were to impose censorship, terrorist organizations will slowly dwindle. Terrorist groups rely on the media for recruitment and support for their cause, take away from them and there will be a smaller and less organized group. I feel like a censorship can also help the cause in fighting domestic terrorism. Terrorist groups recruit individuals throughout different countries. Some domestic terrorism attacks we have had in the US were individuals who claimed loyalty to a terrorist organization, in which they were recruited into. Censorship is an easy way to cut the main supply line off terrorist organizations however, working around the First Amendment makes it hard to even know where to begin.
Killion, V. L. (2019, May 6). Terrorism, Violent Extremism, and the Internet: Free Speech Considerations. Retrieved October 1, 2019, from https://fas.org/sgp/crs/terror/R45713.pdf.
Peer post 2
Censorship of the media is not possible due to the First Amendment. What the country needs to work on is cooperation between the government and the media. The media should be willing to hold off on a report or not release certain information that the government reasonably requests. I think most of the members of the media will spout all types of Constitutional protections when asked to perform this task. I think their main motivation is profits, not getting the story to the public. The more sensational the headline, the audience is increased, the more profits are generated from advertising. A 2018 survey about news sources (print, online, radio, and television) concluded that only forty percent of Americans trust the news. (Silber, 2018) If the media is not generally trusted, is it critical for their reporting to be instantly broadcast? Social media and internet providers are allowed to regulate the content that is generated on their platforms and they can impose some type of self-censorship. While the livestream of a beheading may not be able to be stopped, due to not knowing about it beforehand, the rebroadcasting of it can certainly be curtailed. Terrorists rely on the media to inform the world of their cause and instill fear, without the media there probably would not be as many terror attacks.
Some believe that if the media is censored in relation to terrorism that it will creep into other areas. This is just not true as the First Amendment forbids it. The is a difference between civil insurrection and terrorism. While the media may respond and begin reporting on an incident when it is determined that it is a terror incident, the media should stand down and take direction from the government on what to report. This does not mean that it can never be reported, its just delayed, so the government, not the terrorists, can take advantage of information. In April 1983, after the U.S. embassy bombing in Beirut, it was reported by the media that the U.S. had intercepted communications between Iran and Syria, this undermined U.S. efforts to capture terrorist leaders and removed a source of information for future attacks. In October 1983 the U.S. Marine Barracks was bombed, supposedly from the same terrorists. It is undetermined if that news report caused the communications between Syria and Iran to cease, but in any case, it did not help. (Graham, 1985, pp. 9-10) When it comes to defending the country against terrorism it is not the concern for every citizen to have the same information the government has, therefore, transparency between the government, media, and its citizens is not required. The media, in my opinion, should cooperate with the government for terrorism related issues, not because they have to, but because it’s the right thing to do. It may garner the trust of the public that they are currently lacking.
References
Graham, K. (1985, December 6). Terrorism and the Media. Retrieved September 30, 2019, from https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/document/cia-rdp88b00443r001804400036-9.
Silber, T. (2018, October 4). The Wall Street Journal Tops A New Index of Most Trustworthy Media Brands. Retrieved September 30, 2019, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/tonysilber/2018/10/03/the-wall-street-journal-tops-a-new-index-of-most-trustworthy-media-brands/#4c52f88e28b5.
The essay is already written. There seems to be about 15% plagiarism on it. Please revise it.
In numerous claims that arise from injuries or accidents, the foundation for holding an individual legally accountable for any ensuing damage or harm originates from a theory called negligence. Under the negligence law, a person is held “negligent” or “careless” if they fail to exercise ordinary care to prevent harm to other people or their property. Under this rule, liability is premised upon the principle of fault, which takes the form of negligence or the intention to injure another person. To numerous modern minds, a fault is the natural standing of liability, hence it is morally right that an individual who injures another via fault must compensate them. The moral basis for this principle, however, is disputed. The ultimate purpose of negligence law is to redress a kind of moral wrong. In this paper, I will assert that this objective is not achieved in many cases because of the flaws in its breach of duty element, which make it possible to forgive negligence but impose negligence liability on acts or omissions that are not morally wrong.
As with all legal claims, negligence comprises various identifiable elements that draw together a group of interrelated issues for both analysis and resolution. The first element is duty. The first step in the assessment of a claim of negligence is to determine whether the accused owed the complainant a legal duty of care. As noted by Owen (2006), the relationship between the plaintiff and the respondent may in some circumstances create a legal duty. In other circumstances, the accused owes the complainant a legal duty to act in a reasonably careful manner in a certain occurrence. The second component is the breach of duty. After determining whether there exists evidence of legal duty of care, the next thing that is done by the court is to define whether the defendant broke the duty by doing or failing to do something that a person who is reasonably prudent would or would not do given the same circumstances.
The next element is causation, and it calls for the complainant to validate the claim that the offender’s carelessness indeed resulted in their injury. Even though a person may be acting carelessly, the plaintiff can only recover if this negligence causes the injury in some way. The fourth and final component is harm or damages, and it entails the harm or damage suffered by the plaintiff as a proximate outcome of the accused’s breach of duty. Requiring the harm-doer to compensate the plaintiff for the damage that they have improperly inflicted on them is the underlying restitution as well as deterrent goal of the negligence law. In other words, as much as money damages can bring about deterrent objectives, the law requires the negligent person to restore the plaintiff’s loss as a proximate effect of their wrong.
A well-known case that can be used to illustrate how the law of negligence works is that of Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562, normally referred to as the Paisley Snail case. The case is famously known as the source or origin of the tort of negligence. Here, a shop assistant from Scotland named May Donoghue had been drinking ginger beer from a bottle when she found a slug inside. Following this, she became ill. A friend had ordered the beer for her, so she could not sue the owner of the café in a contract because she had not purchased the beer herself. A Glasgow lawyer asked her to sue the beer’s maker, David Stevenson, for negligence, arguing that Stevenson owed the people who consumed his products a duty of care. The case was taken to the House of Lords, United Kingdom’s highest civil during that time. Lord Atkin delivered the leading judgment on May 26, 1932, noting that the rule that an individual is required to love his/her neighbor translates to, in law, “do not injure your neighbor” (Ferrari, 1994, p. 84). He went on to state that makers of products ought to take reasonable precautions to escape omissions or acts that can rationally believe would probably harm the user. Following this judgment, Ms. Donoghue was awarded a compensation of £200. From the case, a step by step assessment of the different components of negligence was followed until the matter was resolved. All the above features of negligence law are evident in the case.
The negligence law was aimed at enforcing the idea that people should protect each other’s safety by taking safeguards that a rational person would take to avoid imposing an unreasonable risk of harm to another person. Nonetheless, the key question is: what are these precautions? Economists respond to this question by noting that “a precaution is reasonable when it is rational; a precaution is rational when it is cost-justified; and a precaution is cost-justified when the cost of the precaution is less than the expected injury” (Coleman, Hershovitz, & Mendlow, 2015, para. 20). As such, the rule of negligence has a lot to recommend it from an economic viewpoint. Specifically, it encourages all rational people, both harm-doers and victims, to take all as well as only cost-justified precautionary measures. If all probable harm-doers act reasonably, losses will always be borne by the victims. As such, rational victims will always believe that they will be required to bear the costs of accidents. However, they, just like the potential rational injurers, will take all as well as only cost-justified precautionary measures. The rule of negligence, therefore, is economically effective since it creates an optimal risk-taking level (Coleman et al., 2015).
The same, however, cannot be said for the moral response view of the rule of negligence. This is because as noted by Grady (2018), juries in the United States often impose negligence liability on numerous omissions as well as acts that are not wrongs in any moral sense. As such, negligence liability could be best described as a “stochastic tax” and not a moral system. In addition, juries in the United States have the power to forgive even obvious negligence, and habitually exercise this practice. This creates a problem for theories of corrective justice which claim that the negligence law is designed to repair harm.
Part B
As Cane & Atiyah (2013) write, there exists a clear distinction between law and morality, but morality is the ideal standard through which the law can be judged. An analysis of the negligence law, however, shows that the rule diverges from moral principles in numerous aspects. First, the law may make a harm-doer be held legally liable without being morally culpable. As noted by Lunney & Oliphant (2008), it is impossible to justify the fault principle on such practical grounds as the cheapness of operation, speed, and convenience. The traditional justification of the principle is that fault epitomizes a moral principle in that if an individual, by blameworthy behavior, causes loss or harm to another person, the former should pay compensation to the latter. Nonetheless, there is a major way through which a lot of people have questioned whether this law truly represents this moral principle. If the law was truly based on fault, would it not prohibit vicarious liability, liability insurance and various other devices of loss distribution that can lead to the shifting of the burden of paying compensation from the harm-doer to another party who is not at fault? In this regard, a good example to consider is a collective liability. When it is argued that a group, a local authority or a company was at fault, the allegation’s moral content is attenuated. Assuming an organization was sued for failure to guard an employee against danger in the workplace, the real complaint will not be that a specific person at the company was at fault. It will be argued that due to some lack of organization within the company, nobody had the responsibility to anticipate as well as prevent the accident. Overall, therefore, the moral principle of the law will be weakened, and the goal of repairing the harm may not be achieved (Cane & Atiyah, 2013).
Second, the standard account of the U.S. negligence law is inaccurate, hence juries often impose negligence liability on numerous omissions as well as acts that are not wrongs from a moral perspective. Often, the U.S. negligence law utilizes cost-benefit analysis to make upper bound determinations on breach of duty. In particular, a lot of cases are dismissed before they even get to the court, and the court rejects jury verdicts for complainants because the plausible cost for no precautionary measure untaken by the defendant is less than expected benefit by the method of reduced risk. Cost-benefit analysis, however, cannot be utilized in certain types of precaution. There are many “nondurable precautions” that require repetitive use to be effective. Good examples of these are drivers checking their blind spot prior to changing lanes, or a surgeon ensuring that they retrieve the sponges placed in a patient during a surgical procedure. On a one-time basis, these nondurable processes are normally cheap and highly productive of safety, but the cost of perfection involved in the simple tasks can be significant. This is because regardless of the surgeon’s wish to remove all sponges or the driver’s desire to check blind spots, some fails are inevitable in both realms. As such, an important question arises: how would cost-benefit analysis be applied to these precautions? One method would be to judge that on a given occurrence that resulted in the accident, the avoided risk was high, and the cost was low. In this one time method, nonetheless, the high cost of perfect consistency is excluded, which appears to be the parsimonious reason as to why these accidents often take place. Cost-benefit analysis, therefore, is a practical upper bound on “precaution plans” and durable precaution, but it is not entirely an upper bound on precautions that are nondurable. For this reason, a court can judge that a surgeon or a driver is liable even when their error was below average as well as below the estimated efficient limit on “perfection” (Grady, 2018).
Last but not least, juries often forgive or fail to impose negligence liability on obviously negligent acts, thus failing to achieve the purpose of redressing morally wrong acts. As explained by Grady (2018), U.S. juries have a broad discretion to forgive negligence, even when the omission of a precaution that is cost-beneficial is the source of this negligence. This implies that regarding the breach of duty issue, no consistency across matters is mandatory, as long as they act within their general legal limits, which include ample space for making inconsistent decisions. An example of an area in which this practice is common in the area of misfiled precautions. Pharmacists often dispense the wrong drug or the wrong dose. From a long time ago, courts have judged that juries can forgive these errors since they have the power to do so even when the negligent act has resulted in serious harm. The second area in which the act of juries forgiving harmful negligent malpractices is for surgical teams that leave foreign objects inside the body of the patient. A good example is the case of Tams v. Kotz. Here, the surgeon who had left a laparotomy pad inside his patient’s body was forgiven by the juries. The jury also found that the nursing staff was also innocent, and the court determined that the finding of the jury was consistent with the verdict (Grady, 2018).
In summation, the negligence law is always viewed as a representation of the moral principle of reparation of moral wrong in which a harm-doer is required to compensate for the loss or damage they cause to the innocent person. This, however, is not the case because the requirements of the law’s breach of duty element allow juries to forgive negligence acts that can inflict devastating losses on a person. The cost-benefit analysis approach used to establish a breach of duty is flawed, and it may lead to the imposition of a moral liability on a person who is not morally wrong and the granting of forgiveness to someone who has committed a moral wrong. In cases where a harm-doer inflicts “unrepairable” damage on another person, the cost-benefit standard does not require sufficient precaution. The negligence law, therefore, must include more precaution than what is justified by the cost-benefit analysis because harms have a greater moral value when compared to the often monetary benefit that a defendant is required to sacrifice to avoid them. Overall, therefore, the negligence theory is not justifiable as a response of moral wrong. From an economic perspective, however, the law is efficient and justifiable because it produces an optimal level of care by both the plaintiff and the defendant to avoid liability.
I will also attach it.
I will expect you to think critically about First Amendment rights as you develop these essays. Four cases will be presented after these instructions. You are to write your essay on only one of the cases for Essay 1 and one of the remaining 3 for Essay 2. In the first paragraph, describe the dilemma you have, the situation you are in. In your essays, address the questions posed following the scenario, but make it all flow as though those questions are thoughts you have and know that they must be considered in arriving at a solution to your journalistic dilemma. Do not list the questions within your essay and then answer them individually. You must fully justify the path you choose. In other words, whether you choose a solution that is provided to you within the case scenario or another one you have come up with on your own, you must explain completely why you have made this choice. Refer to at least two previously decided cases (precedents) as partial support for your decision. Remember: The First Amendment is NOT a precedent. Do not start off writing the scenario as it appears in this assignment simply to add words to your essay. You must begin by briefly explaining the dilemma you are facing. Remember: The reader of your paper doesn’t know what the assignment is. Your paper must be submitted to Turn-ItIn by the deadlines above to receive full credit. Do your own work. I have caught many students plagiarizing the work of previous students, and it did not end well. Turn-It-In has all papers submitted for this assignment for the past six years in its repository, and I have them, also.
Specifications: Use this list as your checklist before you submit through Turn-It-In! Points will be taken off if you do not follow this checklist! You must write this on your own. This is not a group project!
____ 650–900 words (This is a firm minimum and maximum number of words—not one word fewer nor one word more.) ____ 12-pt. Times New Roman, double spaced ____ 1-inch margins on all four sides of page ____ Contact info and name in header on every page; you MUST include your email address!! ____ Indent paragraphs ½ inch with NO extra spacing between paragraphs ____ Include page numbers ____ Do not submit PDFs. I cannot correct them. _____ Include a reference/bibliography section.
The cases follow:
Case 1
How much information should you report?
THE SCENARIO: You are a reporter for a local newspaper. You come back to the office one day to find several staff members discussing this story:
Two teenagers have been killed in an automobile accident. The driver, who survived, had been drinking prior to the accident. The two girls in the back seat, both of whom were killed, were nude at the time of the accident. Your colleague, another reporter, is pushing for all the known facts to be reported. But the editor argues that the fact of the girls’ nudity should not be revealed; he claims that such information will just be an additional insult to their parents, who already are suffering from the girls’ deaths. Ask: Do you have a right to publish: The fact that the driver was drinking? The fact that the girls were nude at the time of the accident? Would it be responsible to publish these facts in reporting the accident? Brainstorm ALONE about things to consider in deciding whether to report this information: Do we have all the facts? Has anyone interviewed the survivor? Does the newspaper have a policy on printing names of sexual-assault victims? Will publishing the information help anyone else?
Case 2
Detachment or involvement?
THE SCENARIO:
You are a reporter for a large urban daily. The paper plans a major series on poverty. Your editor assigns you to do an in-depth piece on the effects of poverty on children, with special emphasis on what happens when drug addiction becomes part of the story. You have identified several families willing to be subjects for the story. Three families agree to be photographed — and identified — and you spend four months with them, visiting their homes every day and observing what goes on. You tell them your job is to be an observer — a “fly on the wall” — so you can gather information for this important series. In one home, you watch as a mother allows her three-year-old daughter to go hungry for 24 hours. You see this same child living in a filthy room, stepping on broken glass and sleeping on a urine-soaked mattress. You know the mother is HIV-positive and you watch as she brushes her daughter’s teeth with the same toothbrush she uses. You see the mother hit the child with full force. You see the little girl about to bite on an electrical cord. Her plight haunts you.
What do you do to satisfy both your conscience and your responsibilities as a reporter?
A. Report the mother to the authorities so the girl will be removed from this environment and placed in a foster home. Then write the story.
B. Write the story first, detailing your observations. After the story has been published, notify the authorities, giving the mother’s address.
C. Write the story, but don’t identify the mother or child to police or social service authorities. Remember, you are a reporter. You’ve put the information in the newspaper. It’s not your job to act as a police officer.
D. Your own solution to the dilemma.
Case 3
To what lengths should you go to get a story?
THE SCENARIO:
You are a correspondent for a major television network. Your producers have done a great deal of research about a national grocery chain; they allege that some of its grocery stores are asking employees to participate in unsanitary food-handling practices. This is an important story. Consumers may get sick if they eat tainted food, you argue, and they have a right to know that a food store is not handling its food in a safe manner. You want to make sure this story airs on national television. You believe that to get good footage you have to go into the store with cameras and film the store’s workers actually engaging in unsafe practices. You need proof. As the television correspondent, how will you get your story?
A. Call the store manager and request an on-site interview, with cameras. Explain that you have some information that consumers will want to know about and give the store a chance to show its side of the story.
B. Just appear at the store one day, without advance notice to the manager. That way you won’t tip off the staff that you’re onto a story.
C. Pretend to be looking for a job in the store; complete an employment application and actually get hired. Then, while you’re at work, use hidden cameras to document the unsafe practices you see.
D. Your own solution to the dilemma. Be specific.
Case 4
Will a negative story be allowed to run in a high school newspaper?
THE SCENARIO:
As a high school journalist, you have developed several sources of information about the football camp held each year at your school. You hear that brutal hazing is part of athletes’ initiation to 4 the team. Investigating further, you learn that new players are subject to various humiliations and assaults, sometimes with broomsticks, electrical cords and socks stuffed with tennis balls. This is a big, important story. Kids are being hurt. You work hard to get your facts right and spend a great deal of effort checking and double-checking your sources. Your newspaper’s adviser supports you and your work. But when you are ready to publish the story in the school newspaper, the principal says you can’t run it unless you make substantial changes. You must eliminate a player’s comments and add a prepared statement from the football coach. The coach also says this is “negative journalism” and wants you to hold the story until after the playoffs.
What do you do?
A. Drop the story. You know you’ve done a good job, but if the principal won’t let you run the story as you have prepared it, you won’t run it at all.
B. Wait until after the playoffs, as the coach requests, and then print the story according to the principal’s requirements: Drop the player’s comments and run the football coach’s statement. At least some of the information you have uncovered will come out.
C. Print the story as your principal demands, by dropping the player’s comments and running the football coach’s statement. But add an editor’s note at the end of the story, explaining that school officials, including the coach, reviewed the story and insisted that changes be made to it before it was published.
D. Your own solution to the dilemma. Be specific.
Terrorism is an act with deep historic roots, and one that has evolved and continues to evolve over time. Given its long history and continued evolution, some would argue that terrorism cannot be stopped.
In your initial post to this discussion, provide your comments about whether or not you feel the current campaign against terrorism is ultimately a futile attempt to stop the unstoppable. Your two replies to other posts can either be a response to a question about your analysis or to the classmate whose work you reviewed.
To complete this assignment, review the Discussion Rubric document.
Textbook: Global Terrorism, Chapter 1
This chapter discusses terrorism in the world today and the recent past.
As you read this chapter, consider the following question:
Article: Foreign Terrorist Organizations
The U.S. Department of State keeps a list of foreign terrorist organizations. You will use this resource when selecting one of the listed groups for the first milestone of your final project, due in this module.
Website: National Counterterrorism Center’s Interactive Timeline (Optional)
Review the National Counterterrorism Center’s interactive timeline. This interactive timeline features wanted terrorists, captured terrorists, and related historical events.
As you review this timeline, consider the following question:
To acess textbook
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Password MaX0802!
Peer post one
I do not think anyone could categorize the United States’ attempts to stop terrorism within it borders as futile. There have been numerous terror plots that had been thwarted due to our country’s current posture. Law enforcement and tips from citizens have enabled terror plans to be exposed and stopped before execution. Some of the well-known examples are: Ashiqul Alam, who planned to kill law enforcement officers and civilians in a terrorist attack on Times Square, was arrested June 6th 2019, (Department of Justice, 2019) Damon M. Joseph who planned to attack a Toledo-area synagogue in the name of ISIS, and hoped that it would lead to the deaths of many and spread fear, was arrested December 7th 2018, (Department of Justice, 2018) and Everitt Aaron Jameson who selected Pier 39 in San Francisco as a target location of an attack, noting that it was crowded and explosives could be used to funnel people into an area so that he could inflict casualties by shooting people trying to escape, was arrested December 22nd 2017. (Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, 2018) All three of these plotters were inspired by or wanted to further the cause of ISIS. There have been many more plots uncovered an individual stopped before committing terrorist acts. The has not been a direct foreign terrorist attack within the U.S. since 9-11, I think if it were not for the country’s current efforts that number would be higher.
I also believe that our current posture and policy on terrorism has prevented terror attacks in other countries throughout the world. There has been a tremendous military effort in Iraq and Syria to eliminate the so-called Caliphate. The United States has captured or killed many skilled operatives. This has caused many second-order effects adversely impacting ISIS by constraining resources in some areas, less sophisticated messaging, morale, and ideological schisms. Compared to the situation in past years, there is a diminished large-scale, external attack capability for ISIS. (Travers, as cited in Andrews, 2019) The effort the United States and its allies has posed a significant difficulty for terrorists to operate and conduct large scale and small attacks. Terrorists along will continue to adapt and attempt to overcome this nation’s counter-terror applications leaving us with a world that will never be terrorist attack free.
References
Andrews, J. (2019, March 5). NCTC Deputy Director Travers at World Counter Terror Congress. Retrieved from https://www.dni.gov/index.php/nctc-newsroom/nctc-s…
Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs. (2018, August 8). California Man Sentenced to 15 Years in Prison for Attempting to Provide Material Support to ISIS. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-man-sent…
Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney’s Office, Eastern District of New York. (2019, June 7). Queens Man Who Wanted to Attack Times Square Arrested for Purchasing Firearms with Obliterated Serial Numbers. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/usao-edny/pr/queens-man-wh…
Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney’s Office, Northern District of Ohio. (2018, December 10). Ohio man arrested and charged in federal court after planning an attack on a synagogue in the Toledo area. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndoh/pr/ohio-man-arre…
Peer post 2
Greeting Class,
This question can be addressed by first thinking back to our first discussion regarding defining terrorism. If we can not place specific parameters and definitions on what terrorism is, then how can we eliminate it completely? Terrorism has historically gone through some major changes and adaptations, as defined in change over time. However, the most effective terrorists are still using relatively analog means to carry out their attacks. Due to this, and the relative anonymity of these terrorist actors it is very difficult to track and trace. In my opinion it will be next to impossible to completely eliminate terrorism from the world, due to the varying aspect that make up a terrorist, or an act of terrorism.
A terrorist does not necessarily need to belong to a group or organization, they could be single actors, that simply want to martyr themselves for some overall cause, or wreak as much havoc, and death on an area as possible to create fear amongst the people. Terrorism can be a simple as sabotage of a oil/gas pipeline, or burning down a wood mill to halt production, to blowing up a building, and even believed by some, an insurgency that disagrees with taxation without representation, and forms an insurgency to overthrow the prevailing British government through guerilla warfare and tactics, in order to win their freedom from oppression, and tyranny.
So, to answer the question: Without the complete worldwide acceptance of a different form or system of government, similar to the United Federation of Planets (Star Trek), there is zero chance of eliminating all forms of terrorism from our world. However, my Trekies out there will agree, that even in a virtual utopia, where governments, money, war, pollution, and fossil fuel energy have been eliminated, there will always be people that disagree with something the government does or does not do, and eventually lead to some form of terrorist attack.
I personally do not think the war we are waging against terror is a futile one, as long as we have a real understanding of what is attainable. While the overall mission objective is complete elimination of terrorism, the movers and the shakers know that end goal is unobtainable. However, by engaging these terrorist groups on their home turf, and forcing them into skirmishes, eliminating as many roadside IED’s, VBIED’s, PBIED’s, we are at best keeping them occupied enough (eliminating when we can) to make it difficult for them to plan an attack on the west. Not to mention with our current tactics, we are eliminating leadership at a rapid rate. The problem has been, there is always some new Zealot waiting in the shadows to fill the void and elevate the level of attacks to make a name for themselves. This cycle is repetitive, and will lead to the eventual elimination of the new leader, just in time for the circle to continue. So, are wasting our time? No. Personally, after multiple deployments to AFG and the middle east, I would never say we are wasting our time. We are actively disrupting the plans of the enemy of western culture and freedom, and sending as many of them as we can to collect their 72 Virgins. For me, on my last deployment to AFG in 2014-2015, I was blown away at the sight of groups of schoolgirls wearing their uniforms, walking to school together to get an education. Under Taliban rule, this would have never happened, and in reality would have lead to the death of the parents at least, and more likely, the death of the teacher, parent, and student.
Thank you for reading, I look forward to your responses.
-Brad
1. The text reveals that the basic dilemma in combating terrorism is that by “providing security from terrorist acts (limiting the freedom of individual terrorists, terrorists groups and support networks) a country also infringes on innocent bystanders freedoms, democracy and human rights” (White, Markowski, Collins; 2019). Basically, the more security and limitations that are placed in countries who seek to protect themselves from terrorists the more restrictions that will be placed on the innocent citizens who simply live in that area of threat. I do agree that it is important to secure a country no matter the costs however, it is difficult to determine where the line should be drawn so as to night strip citizens of all their freedoms. Some issues that may arise with the war on terror is that governments may one day go entirely to far and cage their people inside the country in order to not allow terrorist to commit acts of violence. Such as limiting travel opportunities or not allowing anyone out or in the country. I do think the threat of acts of terror are credible because they have happened before and there were mass casualties. So yes the fear and threat of another occurrence happening is credible.
2. The basic dilemma in combating terrorism has to do with how The United States presents itself to the rest of the world. We are seen as a “free” country. We also try to help other countries gain freedom by going to war with their enemies. This can seem like a contradiction because we want peace and freedom, but we are fighting other countries in order to gain those rights. It can be confusing to explain that we are killing other countries people, because they killed our people. If we really wanted peace, then war technically might not be the correct option. However, I think that we must stand up for our people and our country no matter the consequences to others outside of our borders.
3. The three models of the prison society are:
Custodial Model is when a prisoner is being incarcerated for the main goal of incapacitation, deterrence, or retribution. It emphasizes security, discipline, and order as it subordinates the prisoner to the authority of the warden. (pg. 652) When it comes to discipline it is considered to be very strict. This model is still used in more maximum security institutions.
Rehabilitation Model is a treatment program that is offered to help an offered learn from their mistakes and get back on their feet. These programs are offered a majority of the prison systems to help offenders be able to get back to everyday society when they get released. Depending on their sentences some offenders are mandated to take these programs and other have the choose to help with their release dates.
Reintegration Model is linked more with community corrections because its structure. This model helps an offender with the process of trying to return to society when they get released. This model used to offenders family and the community as encouragement for behavior. When the offered gets to a certain time in their sentence they are offered to be moved to a half way house as a sign of more freedom.
If i was a prison administrator i would want to encourage and back my staff up when they needed help when there was a problem. I would want to be able to make sure that they are getting the benefits and being paid properly for all the hard work that they do. I would want to also make programs available for they if they ever need to reach out for help with personal or professional issues. I would always want to check on my staff and make sure that they are not being over worked and make sure that they are getting enough sleep to be able to perform their duties to the best of their abilities.
4. The custodial model assumes that prisoners have been incarcerated for the purpose of incapacitation, deterrence, or rehabilitation. It emphasizes security, discipline, and order as it’s subordinates the prisoner to the authority of the warden. Discipline is strict, and most aspects of behavior or regulated. Having prevailed in corrections before World War II, this model still dominates most maximum-security institutions.
The rehabilitation model, which reached his height during the 1950s emphasizes treatment programs designed to reform the offender. According to this model, security and housekeeping activities are viewed primarily as free conditions for rehabilitative efforts. Because all aspects of the organization should be directed toward rehabilitation, professional treatment specialists have a higher status than Geo other employees. Since the rethinking of the rehabilitation goal in the 1970s, treatment programs still exist in most institutions, but few prisons conform to this model today.
The reintegration model is linked to the structures and goals of community corrections. Recognizing that prisoners will be returning to society, this model emphasizes maintaining the offenders ties to family and community as a method of reform. Prisons following this model gradually give inmates greater freedom and responsibility during their confinement, moving them to halfway houses I work with these programs before giving them community supervision.
Not all prisoners can be rehabilitated but that doesn’t mean they shouldn’t have programs in place to help those who cannot be rehabilitated.
Because individual staff members are not equipped to perform all functions, separate lines of command organized a group of employees they carry out these different tasks. One group is charged with maintaining custody over the prisoners, another group supervisors them in the work activities, and the third group at times to treat them.
Because all areas of the prison can be difficult to work in difficult I think implementing a cross training program for the staff would be satisfying along with an equal and or competitive pay scale. Of course a degree in psychology or the like would be recommended and necessary for certain positions.
Prison are not fun places to be. Many prisons are old and very noisy. Many psychologists who work with inmates don’t even have a separate place to speak with their clients who are often depressed. Prisons should be fixed up and cleaned to be bright. Not that prisoners should be rewarded for their crimes but to give them some positivity in life. Workers should work in a place that is clean and bright to boost morale.
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