The specific problem is in the attached folder, please check the pictures in order, otherwise it may be wrong. Some questions have a selection bar, and the three options in the display bar are the same.
In this discussion, please share your views on the nature of industry in which your current employer belongs. While describing the industry you may like to use the tools we are learning in Modules 5-7.
Please provide brief 2 pages long reflection essay of being a Elementary Economics class teaching assistance. What you learned from being a teaching assistance. Here is the attached syllabus of the elementary economics class.
You are to create on paper your own one-time sporting event (e.g., basketball tournament, flag football tournament, golf tournament). A final one-page paper, with an attached spreadsheet/Word doc with table is to be submitted:
In conducting your analysis above, students will use and define the break-even equation (EBIT = PQ VQ F = 0) to examine the number of individuals or teams necessary in order for the event to break even. The key is accurately predicting all the running costs involved, both variable and fixed. Some examples include site or equipment rental fees, advertising, and staffing. These must be included on a second page (created in Excel and pasted into Word).
Students, you may, in order to shift your break-even point, utilize supplemental revenue-generating options at your event, such as concessions. In this way, students would need to project the revenues from concessions, based on a per-unit average. Supplemental revenues such as these can help sports events and other functions meet the break-even point, utilizing lower selling prices per unit or through fewer units sold. This part is optional, but would be one of those inclusions that would reduce the cost of entry per team/individual and possibly help achieve a lower break-even point.
This is essentially a mini-budget and mini-revenue projection similar to what we have done in Sport Economics (for those having participated in that course already). Note that your final assignment, is to only be two-pages, a one-page write up, and a one-page spreadsheet documenting your costs. If you are able to get facilities for other items (that normally have a cost) for free, you must detail this in your write up. You may also wish to still add a line for them in your spreadsheet, so they don’t appear “forgotten” in your calculations, but simply list their cost as 0.
Assume that this graph is a model used in a perfectly competitive market. Graph attached below
Explain what a perfectly competitive market means in economic terms. (5 pts) (SLO’s #1 & 3)
Assuming this graph plots supply and demand for a specific product, identify line L1 and line L3. (10 pts SLO # 1)
In analyzing this graph for L1 and L3, explain what would occur if a supplier attempted to sell this product for $20. (5 pts) (SLO’s 1, 2, 3)
Student Learning Outcomes: 1. Demonstrate understanding of classic microeconomic principles and concepts (such as supply and demand, competition and monopoly, and profit maximization) in quizzes, tables, graphs, and analytical essay responses. 2. Utilize tools and theories to explain consumer behavior. 3. Criterion
Developing
10 or below
Interpretation of Graphical Model Identifies all portions of a supply and demand graph including a clear and accurate explanation of ‘market equilibrium’ as it applies to supply and demand theory in a perfectly competitive market.Mostly clearly and accurately identifies all portions of a supply and demand graph including a clear and accurate explanation of ‘market equilibrium’ as it applies to supply and demand theory in a perfectly competitive market.Identifies most portions of a supply and demand graph with one to two major errors and/or a clear but not wholly accurate explanation of ‘market equilibrium’ as it applies to supply and demand theory in a perfectly competitive market. Fails to adequately identify and explain most portions of the supply and demand graph as well as the inability to explain clearly the concept of ‘market equilibrium’ as it applies to supply and demand theory in a perfectly competitive market.Application of Graphical Model to Project Consumer BehaviorClearly and accurately explains consumer behavior in a perfectly competitive market by analyzing a graphical model of ‘supply’, ‘demand’, and ‘equilibrium market price’.Mostly an accurate explanation of consumer behavior in a perfectly competitive market by analyzing a graphical model of ‘supply’, ‘demand’, and ‘equilibrium market price’ with minor errors in clarity. Explains consumer behavior in a perfectly competitive market by analyzing a graphical model of ‘supply’, ‘demand’, and ‘equilibrium market price with lapses in both accuracy and clarity.’ Fails to clearly and accurately explain consumer behavior in a perfectly competitive market by analyzing a graphical model of ‘supply’, ‘demand’, and ‘equilibrium market price Written Articulation of Concepts Presented in Graphical Model Responses are logically organized, clear, and concise with only minor errors in mechanics (grammar, spelling, punctuation). All responses are mostly logically organized, fairly clear and concise with fairly good use of writing mechanics. Responses lack some organizational skills and contain several errors in writing mechanics. Inaccurate, incomplete, and/or unclear organizational skills containing numerous errors in mechanics.
This week we are learning about interest rates and valuation models for bonds and stocks. The underlying concept is all based on the time value of money: The “value” of a financial asset is the present value of all future cash flows. That present value is based on the “appropriate discount rate”, which is the required rate of return on the financial asset.
Changes in value of financial assets, and bonds in particular, is the topic for this discussion. The US Federal Reserve Board (the Fed) has increased interest rates, specifically the federal funds rate (the rate banks charge other banks, usually for overnight loans).
Fed interest rate today 2022-present: The Fed’s latest moves in an era of soaring inflation
Rate hikes 2022-present
|
Meeting date |
Rate change |
Target range |
|
March 15-16, 2022 |
+25 basis points |
0.25-0.5 percent |
|
May 3-4, 2022 |
+50 basis points |
0.75-1 percent |
|
June 14-15, 2022 |
+75 basis points |
1.50-1.75 percent |
|
July 26-27, 2022 |
+75 basis points |
2.25-2.5 percent |
|
Sept. 20-21, 2022 |
+75 basis points |
3-3.25 percent |
|
Nov. 1-2, 2022 |
+75 basis points |
3.75-4 percent |
|
Dec. 13-14, 2022 |
+50 basis points |
4.25-4.5 percent |
|
Jan. 31-Feb. 1, 2023 |
+25 basis points |
4.5-4.75 percent |
|
March 21-22, 2023 |
+25 basis points |
4.75-5 percent |
|
May 2-3, 2023 |
+25 basis points |
5-5.25 percent |
|
July 25-26, 2023 |
+25 basis points |
5.25-5.5 percent |
Source: Fed’s board of governors
As you can see from the data above, interest rates increased by 5% between March 2022 and July 2023. With these changes, there was a ripple effect felt across the economy. The value of bond portfolios held by banks as well as individual investors dropped, the “cost” of borrowing money increased across the board from car loans to mortgage loans as well as business loans.
For your discussion this week, I’d like for you to pick a sector or topic and discuss the impact of the interest rate increases. Below are examples of directions you could take:
Personally (Never put personal info in the post that you are uncomfortable with!! Speak in generalities if you prefer, the point is to apply the interest rate change impacts to your post.
How have the interest rate changes impacted on your purchase decisions maybe it is to delay a major purchase (car or house maybe).
What about the buy vs. rent decision? There have been articles on how the relative economics have changed recently.
Have you modified investment allocations in your portfolio or IRA/401K investments?
Banking sector:
Pick a bank that has failed or was purchased by another bank because of problems with their bond portfolio or similar situation. What was the underlying problem at the bank? What was the outcome? Yes, a deeper discussion of SVB is acceptable here as long as you cite an additional outside credible source. The number of troubled banks is limited.
Corporate sector:
Pick a company that may have had to change their plans on raising funds because of required higher coupon rates. Maybe the company has experienced changes in its sales because consumers are holding off on spending.
Maybe discuss a firm that has had a hard time getting loans because of high rates.
There are a lot of different directions you can go with your post, but no matter what you choose (even personal) you MUST have at least one credible outside source (remember that Investopedia and Wikipedia are not considered reliable). As with any discussion, be sure to reread the grading rubric before posting.
Bottom line:
What aspect are you discussing? What changed, and why? How did decisions or outcomes change from what would have been expected without the interest rate increases? The “so what” is where I’m looking for. Go beyond “interest rates went up, bond prices went down”.
Prompt:
Post 1:A firm I interact with is doll sellers on mercari. They’re in perfect competition with each other where each doll seller is attempting to find the price to make a profit on the doll they’ve purchased, and are trying to resell the price of shipping, while still offering a competitive price on the doll that they are selling against other sellers. A local Monopoly interact with is Georgia Power. You move to the area and you set up an account and that’s it it would not make Financial sense for there to be two or three sets of infrastructure around an electrical company. Partially because the Innovation around what is offered by a an electrical company is minimal as compared to breaking up the Monopoly of the AT&T phone company. Generic Pharmaceuticals are significantly cheaper than name brand ones because they are not recouping the cost of research and development from creating the product and making sure that it doesn’t kill people.
The government should grant intellectual property patents for Innovative products economically because giving a company a chance to recoup costs on innovation research and development would hopefully Give Them Enough Runway to fund their next research project and be able to continue to innovate that product until that patent is expanded to the public.
Post 2:
Instructions
Example 1
Answer the following questions related to Mutual Funds.
Much has been written about the rise of passive (“indexed”) mutual funds over the years and the accompanying decline of active (“managed”) mutual funds.
Explain the recent changes in popularity between ‘passive’ mutual funds and ‘active’ mutual funds.
State the case for investing in passive mutual funds.
State the case for investing in active mutual funds.
Where do you see the future of the ‘passive vs. active’ debate heading? Explain.
Select three mutual funds to compare/contrast. The funds you choose should be:
One target/retirement fund using your expected retirement date (active/managed).
One passive/index fund.
One additional active/managed fund of your choosing
Find the following information for each fund. It is probably easiest to create this in a table format (17 rows x 4 columns).
Fund name & company
Asset class
Fund objective & strategy
Risk level (be descriptive; how risky is it?)
Beta
Net asset value (NAV)
NAV 12-month range (high & low)
Total net assets of fund
Top 5 holdings in the fund with % held
Asset allocation
Load type/amount
Expense ratio
Other fees
1-year performance
5-year performance
10-year performance
Portfolio managers
If you were going to start saving for retirement and had to choose to allocate your retirement contributions to these three funds, how would you choose to do it? You are free to allocate all of the money to one fund or split it out into two or three of the funds as you see fit.
Most importantly, thoroughly explain your choices. Address why you chose the fund(s) you did, your allocation percentages, and why you excluded any funds. What were the most/least important factors in your decision?
SUBMISSION GUIDELINES
When submitting your assignment, you must submit your answer text in the ‘text entry’ box within the individual assignment link. You may choose to save your answers in another program (such as Microsoft Word), then copy/paste your responses to Canvas once you are ready to submit the activity.
When typing your answers, please make sure to list the question number for every question. Do not re-type the question.
ANSWER CONTENT
Alongside the SIE material, we typically have an Activity or set of Case Questions in each chapter. These extension activities are designed to get you to think more deeply and critically about the course content. It is this kind of reflection that ultimately leads to learning, which is my #1 goal as an instructor.
With that in mind, please make sure your answers are robust. Students that offer weak, unsubstantiated answers will receive grades reflective of their effort. Take some time and BS (“build support”) through your answers. Be thorough!
Question 1: [Cash Flow Analysis]
Pat is the type to plan everything in advance, and she is already starting to plan for retire-
ment. She plans to work for 40 years, and then retire for the following 30 years. She expects
to spend $120,000 in your first year of retirement, with a 4% growth rate. She will increase
her working-years savings rate by 7.5% per year. While working, she expects her account
will have a 6.75% return, and during retirement it will have a 4.75% return. After the 30th
year of retirement, she wants to have $600,000 in her account for safety net and bequest
reasons (It is fine if the amount is not exactly $600,000 due to rounding error). To solve the
problem, determine how much Pat needs to save in year 1 to accomplish her retirement goals.
Question 2: [Regression Exercise]
Use monthly total returns (File: return data.xlsx) for the S&P 500 index, Xcel Energy
(XEL), NVIDIA (NVDA), Bank of America (BAC), and Tesco PLC (TSCO) from July 2012
through June 2017.
A) Create an XY (Scatter) plot to show the relationship between the returns on each
individual stock and the S&P 500 (SPY). Estimate the slope of a regression equation
of this data.
B) How to interprete the coefficients you produced? What is the economic intuition
behind those numbers?
C) Add a linear trend line to each chart, and place the equation and R2 on each chart.
How much of the variability in each stock’s returns can be explained by variability in
the S&P 500?
D) Repeat part a) and c) with an equally weighted portfolio that includes all of these
stocks. Use the arithmetic average of the monthly returns of each stock as the expected
return in your portfolio. Do you see any improvements in the R-square?
E) Change the sample period to 2020.1.2 – 2020.12.31 (which is under the impact of COVID pandemic). Produce the time series plot of daily stock return of each individual stock above and your equally weighted portfolio.
F) Re-estimate your portfolio beta, ?p, using daily data for the new sample period of2020.1.2 – 2020.12.31 (Let’s assume the risk free rate Rf is 0.1%)†.
(I encourage you to use Excel to work on this exercise. We will work on this type of
problem using Python later. If you prefer using languages or softwares, turn in the code and
output)
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