Evolution: Founding Theories and principles

QUESTION

                                                 Evolution: Founding Theories and Principles Lab Reporting Worksheet

In science, reporting what has been done in a laboratory setting is incredibly important for communicating, replicating, and validating findings. However, writing scientific reports can be a little overwhelming. There is a set of agreed-upon components that the scientific community requires when reporting scientific research. Answer the following questions to describe what occurred during the lab you conducted in Labster. Be sure to use complete sentences and QUESTIONs that fully represent what you experienced. Writing a lab report is less about being correct or incorrect than it is accurately reporting what happened and why. So, do not worry about reporting data that might seem counterintuitive or unexpected. Focus on clearly communicating what you did and what you observed.

Write your answers on a new line.

Title

What was the title of the lab you completed?

What was the subject you were trying to understand better in the lab?

What information from the textbook and classroom is relevant for the subject you were trying to gain a better understand of in the lab? Identify the concepts and explain how they are related to the lab topic.

  • During the lab, what information from the theory section provided additional background information about the subject? (To review the theory section, launch the lab and click the Theory tab on the top of the data pad). Identify the concepts and explain how they are related to the lab topic.
  • Most scientific observation involves examining phenomena or processes. What phenomenon or process were you observing in the lab? What were you able to change and explore? What did the simulation not allow to change?
  • You have already described the phenomenon or process you studied in the lab in the previous section. Now, take some time to fully describe the steps you took during the lab. Do not include the process of you logging into the lab in your QUESTION. For this virtual lab, a short, high-level summary will suffice. 
  • Describe some of the observations you made. What did you write down or keep track of? What did each of your senses observe during the lab process? What did you see (e.g., changes in colors, movement, shapes, sizes, patterns)? What, if anything, did you measure? What did you hear (e.g., sounds from reactions, collisions, error messages)? What did your lab character touch? Did you notice anything that seemed unexpected? Did you notice anything that you did not expect to observe?
  • Which parts of the lab required you to think more than others and required more time? Which parts were simple and completed easily?
  • What did you notice about the phenomenon or process you explored? 
  • Describe any information about the phenomenon or process that you learned.
  • During your lab, what happened that might have had an impact on the accuracy of your observations? Did the simulation alert you that an error was occurring? If so, how did you resolve it?
  • The discussion section also is used to summarize big ideas from the lab. What were the important learnings about the phenomenon or process from the lab?
  • After scientists have identified how the new knowledge fits into the old knowledge, they discuss the implications of the new information for moving forward. In this class, the purpose of study is to learn some foundational science ideas represented by the course learning outcomes. Review the course learning outcome aligned to this lab in the assignment directions in Blackboard. How is the information from this lab related to the course learning outcome? What knowledge has the lab supported you with learning that is related to this course learning outcome?
  • Following scientific research, scientists usually come up with new questions that result from what they learned. These new questions often end up leading to new research in the future. What additional scientific things do you wonder about after completing and writing about your lab experience? 
  • Topic
  • Background Information
  • Method

Describing what you did during a lab supports other scientists in replicating your work. It is through this consistent replication that scientists are able to see repeating patterns and develop ideas that help move science forward. When you discuss your observations, in a later section, you will have to describe, in detail, what you did. You may also have to describe what choices you made, why you made them, and any concerns about things that occurred that were unexpected. To have enough information to do this, you need to keep very detailed notes. What doesn’t seem important in the moment may end up being something that explains your findings later. A benefit of conducting virtual labs when learning science, is that many potential errors are controlled for you. The virtual lab environment often will alert you if something is not going the way it should. This does not occur in non-virtual settings. The virtual lab setting can be very helpful to learners for this reason. However, we still need to practice documenting so those skills are practiced for the lab experiences when technology will not be there as a coach.

Observations

Many lessons learned from scientific research come from the reporting and analysis of data and observations. This part of scientific reporting requires detailed QUESTIONs of technical information and observations, as well as high-level synthesis of information. High-level synthesis requires a mastery of foundational content in the related scientific field and a complementary mastery in some field of quantitative and/or qualitative analysis. For this report, let’s focus on big picture patterns. 

Discussion

The discussion section is used to explain why things might have happened the way that they did in your research. Here, scientists describe any potential anomalies or mistakes and why they think they may have occurred. 

Conclusion

The conclusion section of a lab report describes how the learnings from the lab research fit in to prior scientific knowledge. This is done by comparing new information to previously known information that was identified in the section of your report that discusses background information.

Lab summary for physics (Pendulum)

QUESTION

Structure and Rubric

Title Area & Abstract

Title Area: Identifies Experiment Topic, Author, Lab Partners, Course-Section, Instructor, Institution Affiliation, Date. 

Abstract: Summarize the overall paper in 8 sentences or less. State purpose/objective of your work or what research problem was investigated, the overall design and process of your experiment, the major findings and results of your analysis including primary numerical values, and conclusions from your study.

Statement of Purpose – In 4 sentences or less, define the goal or objective of the experiment(s). Define scope of work.

  • Experimental Methods – In 300 words or less, briefly describe how the experiment(s) was performed. Describe equipment and materials used to perform experiment. Describes methods to operate equipment. Identifies critical procedural steps needed to replicate experiment (setup, alignment, calibration, things to avoid, etc.). Defines variables to be directly measured and how they were measured. State any assumptions made related to materials. Does not repeat/copy lab manual instructions. 

Results – The bulk of your Lab Summary. To include any Results, Analysis, or Discussion mentioned in the Experiment Manual. Also include any graphs/plots and data tables asked to produce.

Analysis of Data – Describe the data analysis and mathematical processes used to manipulate your direct measurements into final results. State any assumptions made related to math or physics theory. Examples: multiple trials averaged together, used Excel, Matlab, or Pasco Capstone for analysis, data removed or excluded and why, negative values are ignored for physical reasons.

  • Graphical Analysis – Includes Plots/Graphs as asked for in Experiment Manual. Displays data graphically in a clear and logical way. Formats data appropriately in graphs. Formats plots so axes labels, values, units, data points, error bars are easily readable. Gives additional context to graphed data through insightful labels and captions. Demonstrates understanding of graphical analysis technique used (curve fits, outlier data points, trendlines, etc.)

Summary of Experimental Results – Gives principle numerical results of experiment, as well as their uncertainties. Compares numerical results to expected/reference values and/or theoretical predictions by the process discussed in the Experiment Manual (Discrepancy, % Difference, etc.). Interpret if results support physics theory and expectations. Interprets if results are successful, unsuccessful, or inconclusive with respect to Statement of Purpose. Review any assumptions made which now seem invalid or possibly inappropriate.

  • Conclusions – Take away thoughts of the work you did. What likely impacted your results, and what could be done to improve the work.

Discussion of Uncertainties – Identify at least 3 likely sources of uncertainty that you believe affected your results in a non-trivial way. Be specific in the source, what was affected, and how it was affected (+bias, -bias, or +-random, etc.). Discuss how significant you think each source of uncertainty is (does one have a greater effect than others, does one have a small effect, etc.).

  • Thoughts for Improvement – Thinking back on how you conducted the experiment and analysis, would you perform it the same or would you do something different? Is there other equipment you would want to try or use? Suggest at least 2 practical, non-trivialimprovements you would make. Describe why you think this would improve the experiment and better meet its objectives.

Attribution to Reference Sources – Clearly indicates what information (text, images, values, formulas) is obtained from a reference. At least 1 reference source is clearly used. Citations within report body to reference listings. Bibliography of References List given, formatted correctly. Examples of references include Lab Manual, websites, textbooks, articles, blogs.

  • Data, Formatting, Other – Things not tied to any specific section or area of the Lab Summary.

Data & Data Tables – Displays data in labelled tables clearly and logically. Formats data with correct and uniform decimal precision, significant figures, units. Gives context to data through appropriate use of labels, captions. Gives numerical uncertainties for values.

Overall Formatting – General formatting guidelines are appropriately followed: title area with single column abstract, 2-column report body, additional supporting material contained in labeled Appendix. Text is readable. Figures/Tables appropriately sized, positioned.

  • Optional Appendices – Any supporting information and documentation you wish to include (or larger versions of graphs and figures) should appear at the end of your Lab Summary in one or more labelled Appendix.

Important instructions:
Lab Summary – Follow the same 2-column format, general guidelines . However, do not include a distinct Theory section or Background/Introduction section; it is not required to include a Calculations Appendix. See expectations below for how to structure a Lab Summary and reference the grading Rubric attached to this assignment. To know what specific content to report on, be sure to follow the instructions in the Experiment Manual for this experiment.You must include all relevant data you recorded in some format as well as any results (graphs, tables, etc.) you were told to produce. “In some format” should be interpreted at your discretion.

For Example, Large dataset graphed: If hundreds of data points were taken, placed in a table, and then used to make a plot it makes most sense to include the final plot which is representative of the data. Say you measured the velocity of an object at a sample rate of 60 Hz (every 0.017 seconds) for one minute. For this large of a dataset, the plot would be the easiest way to show and understand the data. You would not need to then also show the huge data table of 3600 data points.

  • For Example, Small Number of Trials/Runs in a Summarized Data Table: Say you repeat an experiment 5 times and measure 3 variables (mass, velocity, moment of inertia) and calculate 2 results (momentum, kinetic energy) for each trial. It makes most sense to summarize all these numerical values in one or two small tables rather than writing out a bunch of boring, repetitive sentences. You could choose to make one table of 5 rows and 5 columns for all the data, or two tables (one of just the measurements 5×3, and just the calculated results 5×2).

biology homework

QUESTION

For the final assignment for the Community Health Project, you will be creating a fact sheet based on your research from Human Health and Physiology and Identifying Risk Factors and Solutions.

The idea behind creating a fact sheet is to inform the general public about an issue. Specifically, your target audience will be the residents of the community that you identified as being particularly vulnerable to poor health outcomes. You should assume that your audience will have a limited scientific background. You will be writing from the perspective of your medical specialty (but do not write in 1st person – see the example on this page), but your goal is to make the science that you researched understandable to a general audience while including the sources from your background research.  

Assignment Requirements

While your final fact sheet will contain graphics, this assignment is just asking you to submit the text and your graph. As you are writing each section of your fact sheet, please use the third person (do not use I/we) and think about considering how the elements fit together to create a fact sheet with good flow — it should proceed logically. Address each of the prompts below:

An introduction

In a brief paragraph, identify the health condition that you are focusing on and explain how the solution could improve health outcomes for your focal community (This information should come from Identifying Risk Factors and Solutions.).

How does this solution address the risk factor that you identified? How would this reduce the prevalence of the health condition?

An overview of the health condition 

  • Summarize what residents in your focal community should know about the physiology of the health condition.

How does the risk factor increase someone’s chance of developing the health condition? 

Focus on the risk factor that your solution targets.

  • Be specific and provide details about the physiological connection between the risk factor and the health condition.

What steps can residents take to reduce their risk of developing the health condition?

  • A bullet point list of key facts, including:
  • The statistics for the risk factors related to the health condition, as relevant to your focal community. (Refer back to Identifying Risk Factors and Solutions if necessary.)

The % of adults in your focal community that exhibits the health condition. 

A bar graph

  • Create a bar graph comparing the prevalence of the health condition in your focal community to three other communities. (Use the data provided in Human Health and Physiology.)
  • Be sure to properly label the x- and y-axes!

A community solution 

City Plants

Los Angeles Neighborhood Land TrustLinks to an external site.

How could residents support this organization, program, or movement?

  • References cited 
  • Remember to cite all information sources fully, including in-text citations and a properly formatted reference list at the end, for full credit. Please make sure that your sources are credible and that you properly cite all sources. 

You can use any citation style you would like (MLA, APA, etc.). Here is PCC’s guide to APA style.

Required – Incorporating Feedback

  • What instructor feedback have you received on previous parts of the project, if any? 

How have you addressed or incorporated this feedback? Be specific and explain how you can use this feedback to improve your final fact sheet.

  • Example Fact Sheet
  • Remember, for this assignment, you are just submitting the text and graph. No graphics are necessary! This example fact sheet is just to provide an example of how the information fits together.

 

 

if you would like to see anything in more detail. You can also view the text as a Canvas page.

  • Peer Review

Upon completion of this assignment, you will be assigned two peer reviews to complete. This is an opportunity for you to see what others have been working on and for everyone to receive constructive feedback on their fact sheet before submitting the final version next week. Please review the assignment directions and the rubric first and then give written comments to your peers. Choose at least two of the prompts below to formulate your comments for each of your peers.

  • What are two things you think they communicated in their fact sheet really well?

What is one place they used a source or the data in their fact sheet that worked really well?

  • What is one place they might be able to strengthen their fact sheet by making better or different use of a source or the data? 

Make one or two general suggestions for how they could strengthen their fact sheet. This could be to add material, reorganize a paragraph or sentence, clarify language, or make any other changes to increase clarity.

Suggest corrections to any grammatical issues in the text or formatting issues with the graph.

Helpful Resources

How do I upload a file as an assignment submission in Canvas?

How do I know if a source is credible?

How do I submit a peer review to an assignment?Links to an external site.

Ten Days that shook the world

QUESTION

https://youtu.be/dYixkU0dA2M?si=qp3quzKzqu7QHZAv

1. What was a function of the peasant commune that I mentioned? 

2. What does “emancipation” mean in the context of this lecture? 

3. Based on what I told you about the peasant mir, if you were a farmer in a peasant commune, would you want to improve your land every year? 

4. if you were the head of the village assembly in charge of sending villagers to the Russian army, who would you send? 

5. What are the basic elements of Marxism that I discussed in the lecture? 

6. What were some of the different political parties based on Marxism that I discussed, and how did the Bolsheviks manage to take credit for the revolution in the end?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQ9GCi4Gjso

Discussion board 

How does this film portray war? What are some examples of images or scenes that back up your perspective? Consider the point of view that the film is coming from: the party that won the war is now in power and has a certain amount of say in the art that gets made about it. How might that influence the film’s portrayal of the war/revolution?

Respond to this in 3 sentences, agreeing or disagreeing. 

The film October: Ten Days That Shook the World by Sergei Einstein, focuses on portraying war as a relentless force that pushes the working class to revolution. This is the perspective that the movie has showing the Bolshevik victory. In the film we can see the cost of life in many casualties and food shortages, this lead for the workers to protest. Scenes of the workers complaining and the growing discontent showcase how this anger within the people give birth to revolutionary ideas. 

During the film Kerensky the leader of the provisional government is portrayed as a very comical this tries to show and undermine his character, because the situation in which they were managing the war was inadequate. They show how the Bolsheviks rose and took advantage of the government lack of order, and so promised peace and relate to the working class. Since this film producers were Soviets, they are proud in emphasizing revolution and winning against their oppressors. The storming of the Winter Palace is a big turning point of the revolution when the working class unifies, at this moment we can see the strength and the determination of the proletariat.

Even though the film doesn’t grand battles, its focus is on showing the everyday struggles of the people under the weight of war. After all the main key points to acknowledge are that because of the war the drive of the revolution was ignited. The Bolshevik victory is the overall win and represent that the war is now over and so is the misery of the working class. The film manages to showcase war as a factor to criticize and diminish the old regime and commemorate the new one.

Revise one of your discussion posts into a 3-5 page double-spaced 12-pt font essay. Make sure to cite some of your classmates’ points from the discussion board, either to bolster your claims or to provide a counter point. Use as much material from class as you want.

Toussaint Louverture and Napoleon were alike as they shared similarities. Toussaint and Napoleon both led successful revolutions; I would consider both revolutions as archetypal. Both leaders fought against inequality and injustice. 

There were social, economic, and political issues in both places at the time. There was high taxation on the majority of the poor population, kings had the divine right  to rule and the third estate had no representation in France. On the other hand, there was slavery and oppression on the island of Saint Domingue. Both leaders were successful in leading revolutions that brought about periods of change. Other nations were inspired by the success of these revolts. Saint Domingue/ Haiti became the world’s first republic whereas The French Revolution led to the fall of monarchy.

In my opinion the statement “A lot of people didn’t know what freedom was supposed to look like. No one had really even theorized or imagined this before.” is logical as people had been conditioned to the environment of slavery. Saint Domingue was the sugar capital of the world, they relied on slavery to produce sugar for trade. For many years, people had been working on plantations and carrying on duties for the whites; that was the only life they knew. The people of Saint Domingue were not used to having rights, so they had no idea what it would be like. Jean Claude Martineau, a historian, even said it was dangerous because the country was based on slavery.

Classmate to refer to 

George Washington, Napoleon Bonaparte, and Toussaint Louverture lived during similar historical periods and were involved in their nations’ revolutions. Haiti gained independence mainly due to the efforts of Toussaint Louverture, who organized the revolution against French colonial rule. His figure shows his struggle against colonial oppression and slavery. The French Revolution brought fame to Napoleon Bonaparte, a politician and military leader from France. Having a profound effect on European history. During the American Revolution, George Washington played a significant role as the country’s first president. As one of the founding fathers, he was instrumental in establishing the United States and is well-honored. These three individuals were well-known in various settings and areas during the revolution. While Napoleon concentrated on extending French dominance through military conquests throughout Europe, Toussaint concentrated on the Haitian Revolution against slavery. And Washington on the American battle for independence. Each significantly influenced the history of the countries and areas they called home. But Toussaint was different from Napoleon and Washington because he was a former slave who fought for the abolition of slavery and the establishment of an independent Haiti and climbed to positions in both military and political power during the Haitian Revolution.

Statistics Question

Question

Overview

When we run a hypothesis test, we are testing whether or not a claim made is valid from a statistical standpoint. We break up our region into two regions, one is called the null hypothesis (H0), the other is called the alternative hypothesis (H1).  

There are some rules we have to follow when we make our hypotheses. First, the null hypothesis must always include some level of equality and to make this easier, the modern approach to writing hypotheses has us use = for all hypotheses. The alternative will then point to the appropriate region we desire to test and must be a strict inequality. This means the symbols will be >, <, or ?.   

Based on this, we can break our hypotheses up into three different sets:  

Left Tailed Hypotheses: H0:?=?0 vs H1:?

Right Tailed Hypotheses: vs H1:?>?0

Two Tailed Hypotheses: vs H1:???0

We determine our results from a hypothesis test by using the p-value. The p-value of our test is “the probability of seeing the result we saw, or more extreme, by random chance given that the null hypothesis is true.” If our p-value is small, we would say seeing something like this by random chance is very unlikely. If our p-value is larger, then it is more plausible to see something like this by random chance.  

The value of alpha, ?, is the probability we see a type I error, which means we reject the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is in fact the truth. As the ones doing the research, we are able to select this value ourselves. We want to choose an alpha value that appropriately identifies the ramifications of making a mistake. If the results of our test have major outcomes associated with them, we may want to have a stricter (or smaller) value chosen for alpha. If the results of our test do not have major ramifications about them, we may want to choose a less strict (or larger) value for alpha. Common alpha values are ? = 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01.   

Our conclusion will be based on how our computed p-value relates to our value for alpha. If our p-value is less than alpha, we reject the null hypothesis. If our p-value is larger than alpha, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. In the infamous words of a brilliant man, “If p is small, reject them all.” 

Here is the process we follow when performing a hypothesis test:  

Step 1: Write out your hypotheses based on the words given in the problem  

Step 2: Determine your value of alpha  

Step 3: Compute your Z statistic  

Step 4: Compute your P-value  

Step 5: Make your conclusion

Now, let’s discuss how we compute our Z-value. If we know the population standard deviation, then our Z value will be z=x¯???n.

Now, let’s look at an example. Suppose the local car dealership claims their brand new mid-sized sedan gets at least 32 mpg on average with a standard deviation of 4 mpg. We want to test to see whether or not this claim is true. So, we collected a sample of 35 of these mid-sized sedans and found the average mpg was 30 mpg. Do we have enough evidence to dispute this claim?  

Step 1: H0:?=32mpg vs H1:? <32mpg

Step 2: ? = 0.05 (Chosen to be a touch stricter due to us wanting a little more certainty in our result before we make such big purchase) 

Step 3: =30?32435=?2.958

Step 4: P-value = 0.0015  

Step 5: Our p-value is smaller than our alpha value, so we will reject the null hypothesis and have statistical evidence to dispute the claim  

If we want to run a hypothesis test for the population proportion, we will follow a very similar construct as we did with the mean, except our Z-statistic calculation will change. Our hypotheses will be similar, except we will replace µ with p. Here are the hypotheses: 

Left Tailed Hypotheses: H0_p=p0 vs H1:p<p0

Right Tailed Hypotheses: vs H1:p>p0

Two Tailed Hypotheses: vs H1:p?p0

The Z value for the population proportion hypothesis test will be computed as follows: Z=p^?ppqn.

Let’s look at an example: Recent health statistics show that an estimated 12.5% of U.S. adults currently smoke cigarettes. We decide to test this claim, and survey 1500 adults and ask them whether they smoke or not. We have found that 195 of the 1500 (13%) claim to be smokers. Is there enough evidence to reject the claim made that the true proportion is 12.5%? 

Step 1: :p=0,125 vs :p? 0.125 

Step 2: ? = 0.1 (Chosen to be a little less strict as the outcome of our test may not have any direct impact on anyone or anything, but could be used to inform a decision maker if needed) 

Step 3: Z=p^?ppqn=0.13?0.1250.125?0.8751500=0.586

Step 4: P-value = 0.558 

Step 5: Our p-value is larger than our alpha value, so we will fail to reject the null hypothesis and do not have statistical evidence to dispute the claim

Instructions

For this discussion post, we are going to run a hypothesis test using the Z-distribution. Read the following:  

The average salary for a registered nurse in Las Vegas is claimed to be $82,000 with a standard deviation of $14,500. To determine if this information is accurate, we sampled 80 registered nurses working in Las Vegas and find their average salary to be $85,025. Test this at the ? = 0.05 level. 

Discussion Prompts

Answer the following questions in your initial post: 

What are the hypotheses based on the words given in the problem? 

What is our Z?

What is the P-value?

Based on your p-value and alpha, what conclusion will we make? Do we have evidence that the claim is false?

Are there any other variables that could potentially impact the salary of a registered nurse? What are some methods of sampling we can use to ensure we have a representative population.

Response to discussion

Question

The Renaissance period from 1300-1600  was a period of change for socialism and the Institute of Industrialism. The rebirth of man and civilization during the period was astonishing. One of the most significant changes was the antiquity of painting. Before the Renaissance, portraits, and paintings were flat with thick outlines, which made the subject unrealistic.

During the Renaissance, Italian-born Leonardo di Ser Piero da Vinci (1452 – 1519).was considered the polymath of his time. His activities in science, engineering, sculpting, and painting were at the high point of his life. Leonardo was tasked with painting a portrait of a Florentine merchant named Francesco Del Gioconda. Francesco wanted a painting of his wife done by da Vinci. The `portrait painted is now referred to as the Mona Lisa. It took Leonardo three years to complete this painting. It was one of the first paintings done in a three-dimensional form with a natural backdrop.

The Golden Era was one of excitement for literary writers. The writing of poems and entertaining plays brought on the publishing of books to be read by the noble and commoner. William Shakespeare (1564-1616). Was a poet and considered a genius of his time. England was under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603). Shakespeare produced Tragedies, comedies, romances, poems, and historical plays. His works are considered one of the most significant writings in English literature. We now see the change from ancient Rome, where the only writers were Scholars and those with minimal education were allowed to take any notation of any recording. The real significant change for the Renaissance was that it was no longer required to document laws and theological decrees as written by a group ofdecemvirs established in 451 BCE.

The creation of the printing press in Europe by Johannes Gutenberg from Mainz, Germany, in 1455 encouraged authors to write in their local vernacular rather than in Greek or Latin classical languages, widening the reading audience and promoting the spread of Renaissance ideas. Gutenberg printed the Gutenberg Bible. It is believed his actions of empowerment promoted literacy to the people of Europe. Literature should no longer be only read by kings, counts, and nobles. The era of the open mindset and wisdom has evolved.

During this period, a social reform of weaponry was introduced to the Europeans—the art of developing gunpowder from the Chinese through the trading of goods by the Muslims—in the suggested period of 1320 CE. Cannons became relatively common among the armies. The active spears and swords no longer met the need for military dominance. This advancement of warfare through cannons has taken its place.

Another rebirth came to light with the demise of feudalism. Peasants revolted in 1381, led by Wat Tyler of England. This uprising involved peasant farmers revolting and rebelling against the landowners and inducing fear in them, thus establishing a relationship that ended the feudal order under the reign of England’s King Richard II. The same actions took place in France in the 14th century. French peasants also engaged in an uprising known as Jacques. The protesters killed hundreds of noblemen under the reign of the French King John II. After two months, the revolt was suppressed. King Richard (1137-1453), at the age of fifteen, introduced the Magna Carta. The Canterbury Archbishop  Stephen Langton drafted this act to acquire peace between the rebel groups. Neither side honored the treaty, and it ended up being annulled by Pope Innocent III in 1213.

The 14th century also brought on the Bubonic plague. During the period of 1347, a third to a half of the population was killed by this disease. Another name given to the plague was the Black Death. (1347-1894). Originating in China, it was spread through the Mongol tribes into Europe by fleas on black rats on commercial ships. These ships supplied goods for trade in many Mediterranean ports.

Under these circumstances, with all the deaths of many people, the demand for laborers was needed. This opened—the door for peasants and landowners to negotiate higher wages for farmers that were met through supply and demand.

Bradon Larson 

The Renaissance was a time period that would revolutionize to the modern world from the medieval times from approximately 1300-1600. “It  marks  the  revival  of  Greco-Roman  culture,  a  movement  that  spread  from  its  birthplace  in  Florence,  Italy,  to  all  parts  of  the  European  West.” (Fiero, 2021, p 177). Although the start of the Renaissance had an imaginable future, it started off with warfare and devastating plagues. The beginning of the Renaissance came the rise of the middle class. A new ideal that would be the foundation of new products, expert labor, and increased trade. Not only did the Renaissance the change the social normalities but also create a new style of art and music. “Imagination and diversity characterized fourteenth-century mu-sic, which composers of that era self-consciously labeled the ars nova (“new art”). (Fiero, 2021, p 184). Although the creation of new art came in the Renaissance, they never changed what art is, rather they created new techniques and discovered new ideas. Although this re-birth in society brought a new structure to social normalities they based it off of the classic Greek and Latin ideals. “Renaissance humanists advocated the recovery and uncensored study of the entire body of Greek and Latin manuscripts and the  self-conscious imitation of Classical art and architecture. They regarded Classical authority not exclusively as a means of clarifying Christian truths, but as the basis for a new appraisal of the role of the individual in the world order.” (Fiero, 2021, p 187). All in all the Renaissance was a time period that revolutionized the world and created the foundation for the modern world, using new and old philosophy while creating a new world. 

case study

QUESTION

CategoryItemValueClient InformationSitePrivate PracticeAgeAdult (18- 64 years)GenderMaleVisit InformationStudent Level of FunctionSupervision – Level 2Category of CareDirect Patient CarePractice ManagementType of visitConsultationDiagnosis1 Personality DisorderStudent Notes

36 years old male who is in Miami on vacation from New York and has been off his medication, today patient became very paranoid and delusional. Patient presents accompanied by his girlfriend Treatment: -Increase Aripripazole to 10 mg daily for mood dysregulation. -Start Clonazepam 0.5 mg twice daily. -Start Temazepam 30 mg at bedtime. 

Psychiatric notes are a way to reflect on your practicum experiences and connect them to the didactic learning you gain from your NRNP courses. Focused SOAP notes, such as the ones required in this practicum course, are often used in clinical settings to document patient care.

For this Assignment, you will document information about a patient that you examined during the last three weeks, using the Focused SOAP Note Template provided. You will then use this note to develop and record a case presentation for this patient.

RESOURCES

Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. 

WEEKLY RESOURCES

TO PREPARE

Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide. Also review the Kaltura Media Uploader resource in the left-hand navigation of the classroom for help creating your self-recorded Kaltura video.

Select a patient of any age (either a child or an adult) that you examined during the last 3 weeks.

Create a Focused SOAP Note on this patient using the template provided in the Learning Resources. There is also a completed Focused SOAP Note Exemplar provided to serve as a guide to assignment expectations.
Please Note:

All SOAP notes must be signed, by your Preceptor. Note: Electronic signatures are not accepted.

When you submit your note, you should include the complete focused SOAP note as a Word document and PDF/images of the completed assignment signed by your Preceptor.

You must submit your SOAP note using Turnitin. Note: If both files are not received by the due date, faculty will deduct points per the Walden Grading Policy.

Then, based on your SOAP note of this patient, develop a video case study presentation. Take time to practice your presentation before you record.

Include at least five scholarly resources to support your assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning.

Ensure that you have the appropriate lighting and equipment to record the presentation.

THE ASSIGNMENT

Record yourself presenting the complex case for your clinical patient.

Do not sit and read your written evaluation! The video portion of the assignment is a simulation to demonstrate your ability to succinctly and effectively present a complex case to a colleague for a case consultation. The written portion of this assignment is a simulation for you to demonstrate to the faculty your ability to document the complex case as you would in an electronic medical record. The written portion of the assignment will be used as a guide for faculty to review your video to determine if you are omitting pertinent information or including non-essential information during your case staffing consultation video. 

In your presentation:

Dress professionally and present yourself in a professional manner.

Display your photo ID at the start of the video when you introduce yourself.

Ensure that you do not include any information that violates the principles of HIPAA (i.e., don’t use the patient’s name or any other identifying information).

Present the full complex case study. Include chief complaint; history of present illness; any pertinent past psychiatric, substance use, medical, social, family history; most recent mental status exam; current psychiatric diagnosis including differentials that were ruled out; and plan for treatment and management.

Report normal diagnostic results as the name of the test and “normal” (rather than specific value). Abnormal results should be reported as a specific value.

Be succinct in your presentation, and do not exceed 8 minutes. Specifically address the following for the patient, using your SOAP note as a guide:

Subjective: What details did the patient provide regarding their chief complaint and symptomology to derive your differential diagnosis? What is the duration and severity of their symptoms? How are their symptoms impacting their functioning in life?

Objective: What observations did you make during the psychiatric assessment? 

Assessment: Discuss their mental status examination results. What were your differential diagnoses? Provide a minimum of three possible diagnoses and why you chose them. List them from highest priority to lowest priority. What was your primary diagnosis and why? Describe how your primary diagnosis aligns with DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and supported by the patient’s symptoms.

Plan: In your video, describe your treatment plan using clinical practice guidelines supported by evidence-based practice. Include a discussion on your chosen FDA-approved psychopharmacologic agents and include alternative treatments available and supported by valid research. All treatment choices must have a discussion of your rationale for the choice supported by valid research. What were your follow-up plan and parameters? What referrals would you make or recommend as a result of this treatment session? 

In your written plan include all the above as well as include one social determinant of health according to the HealthyPeople 2030 (you will need to research) as applied to this case in the realm of psychiatry and mental health. As a future advanced provider, what are one health promotion activity and one patient education consideration for this patient for improving health disparities and inequities in the realm of psychiatry and mental health? Demonstrate your critical thinking.

Reflection notes: What would you do differently with this patient if you could conduct the session again? If you are able to follow up with your patient, explain whether these interventions were successful and why or why not. If you were not able to conduct a follow up, discuss what your next intervention would be.

EWRT2 Critical Reading, Writing and Thinking

QUESTION

Research Project Essay Directions

Overview:

For this assignment, you will write a research project of at least 1500 words on a topic of your choice.

Approaches: 

Fictional: Look at a fictional movie, TV episode, music video, or piece of media and do a close analysis of the “monster/villain” 

Historical: Look at a real-life dictator, serial killer, scientist, social network, etc. and do an analysis of the coverage of the person. 

Scientific: Look at modern science e.g. cloning, Crispr, genetic modification etc. and decide whether that type of science is creating modern heroes or monsters.

Current events: Do a deep dive on a current event like border control, politics, make-up, sports, and analyize whether your topic is helping society or harming it? 

The Steps:

Pick an issue related to the broad theme of “monsters” that interest you e.g something from the class. (Completed in Module 4) 

Narrow down the topic to something you can cover in 1500+ words e.g. “Is it ethical to conduct cloning research for profit?” or “What modern fear does the monster in Squid Game represent?” (Completed in Module 4) 

Read articles and books, and watch some media clips that interest you on that topic. Make sure to get sources you agree and disagree with (Completed in Module 4) 

Put your sources on your ?? Critical Thinking Challenge #4: Source Log . You must use 8 of the Source Log sources in the Research Paper (Completed in Module 4) 

After doing a little research, develop your topic on your issue develop a hypothesis. Basically, take a stand on how your topic impacts the local community. Hint: This will turn into your thesis. (Completed in Module 5) 

This project will culminate in your research paper, presentation, or web page. (Completed in Module 5) 

Task: 

Write a 1500+ argumentative analysis research project, written in response to a research question of your choice about monsters.

Project Requirements:

1. An introduction that provides context on the topic, eases the reader into your essay and has a “hook” that grabs people’s attention.

2. A thesis statement or controlling idea that takes a strong stand and is narrow enough to cover within the page limit e.g. if your umbrella topic is “The nudism movement promotes a healthy body image” you would have to narrow that down into a more focused topic that fits into that larger topic.

3. Research is a secondary concern and personal voice is first.

4. Transitional topic sentences that are clear, provocative, develop your thesis, and provide unity in your essay.

5. Body paragraphs that have a transition, a topic sentence, multiple examples, and a concluding sentence.

6. You must use 8 Sources from the Source Log in the Research Paper 

7. The Quote Sandwich model (lead-in, quote, and analysis of quote) must be used with each quote.

8. Some analysis of all your supporting examples.

9. A conclusion that offers some ideas about what can be done about the situation.

10. Strong sentences that are both grammatically correct and sophisticated.

11. MLA in-text citations and a Works Cited page are required for this paper.

For those doing the visual project follow The Visual Research Project Requirements or the Unessay Project 

PAPER FORMAT:

o 1500+ words (about 8+ pages).THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE THE WORKS CITED PAGE!

o All drafts must be typed and double-spaced.

o Size 12 Times New Roman Font

o Have: Name, Class, Date, Assignment, and Topic in the upper left-hand corner.

o A title that is not GENERIC

o Paper MUST follow MLA format and MLA citation guidelines.

What A Successful Essay Will Have

Introduction:

A title specific to the topic

An attention getter

Background on the topic (please make it clear which prompt you are answering)

End with your thesis

  • Include a clearly stated thesis (your opinion your 1-2 sentence response to the essay prompt) which speaks to the “so what” of the issue and is not merely a list plan of development.
  • Body:
  • Topic sentence that is related to the thesis
  • Supporting evidence
  • Quotes from the text (Remember to cite the quotes)

Consideration of and rebuttal against the other side of the topic

Conclusion:

DO NOT bring up a new topic

  • A suggestion of the consequences of your position for society, individuals, what you want to happen in the future, etc.
  • Works Cited:
  • Please include a Works Cited page at the end of your paper.
  • Please make sure the Works Cited page follows MLA formatting rules

Evaluation Criteria for Your Essay:I will use the following criteria to evaluate your position paper:

Have you engaged the readers’ interest at the beginning and throughout the paper?

Have you chosen an arguable position and defined it carefully (e.g. placing the issue in its historical or cultural context, citing specific instances to make the issue seem less abstract, or establishing or redefining the terms of the debate)?

  • Have you organized your paper into an introduction, body (containing several paragraphs), and conclusion?
  • Have you included at the end of the introduction a thesis statement that asserts a clear, unequivocal position on the issue you have chosen and, possibly, forecasts the stages of the argument, identifying the main reason or reasons that you will develop and support in the essay?

Have you given reasons why readers should take your position seriously?

Have you organized your reasons into a logical order (e.g. placing the strongest reason last and the second-strongest reason first, with the other reasons in the middle)?

Have you supported each reason with examples, facts, analogies, statistics, anecdotes, or quotes from authorities?

  • Have you anticipated readers’ questions and their positions on an issue, counterarguing as needed?
  • Have you signaled the move from one topic to the next using forecasting statements, transitions, topic sentences, rhetorical questions, and/or summaries explicitly?
  • Have you cited at least 8 sources in your essay, using MLA in-text (parenthetical) citation strategies correctly?

Have you integrated the sources into your essay, using signal phrases to introduce long quotations or incorporating shorter quotations into the sentences smoothly?

Have you included an MLA Works Cited at the end of your essay?

parenting Applied Final Project Part 1: Create Your Parenting Case Study Topic

QUESTION

PART 1: CREATE YOUR PARENTING CASE STUDY TOPIC_

Using the planning table provided below, you will create a case study on a parenting topic of interest to you. Throughout the course you will conduct research on this topic, culminating in a Parenting Action Plan that proposes solutions to resolve your case.

Step 1: Select a scenario that may be a cause for concern in parents.

You may use the list below or identify a scenario of your own with the permission of the instructor. Write your scenario of interest into the planning table provided below.

List of Scenarios

  • Sleeping arrangements for newborn
  • Immunizations for children
  • Bedwetting
  • Breastfeeding older children
  • Special needs, such as:
  • Down syndrome or other genetic disorder
  • Learning disabilities
  • Autism
  • Attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder
  • Physical-motor disability
  • Language delay, speech, related issues
  • Teen pregnancy
  • Alcohol and substance abuse in teens
  • Relationship problems in teens, dating, inappropriate, and/or risk-taking behavior
  • Mental health issues (e.g. depression, anxiety, psychotic disorders)
  • Behavioral issues in younger children
  • Behavioral issues in teens
  • Parental conflict and argument
  • Military deployment
  • Grandparents raising grandchildren
  • Adoption/foster parenting
  • Racial and cultural issues in parenting -Tiger moms, immigrant children, LGBTQ, biracial identity, religion
  • Older child parenting and emerging adulthood (age 18-21)
  • Use of media-cellphones, tablets, etc.
  • Impact of domestic violence
  • Bullying, cyberbullying
  • Stepfamilies
  • Impact of divorce
  • Choosing daycare, preschool
  • Healthy diet, eating disorders
  • College/postsecondary readiness

Step 2: Select an age group to which the scenario applies.

After picking your scenario, select an age group (see planning table below) that you would be interested in learning more about. For example, if you are interested in “choosing daycare” as a topic, are you interested in daycare for infants, toddlers, or school-aged children? Note that your scenario may not make sense for some age groups. For example, you probably would not be interested in learning about daycare options for an 18-year-old.

Step 3: Select a socioeconomic status for your scenario.

Determine whether your scenario will apply to a family of lower, middle or upper socioeconomic status (SES) (see planning table below). SES can profoundly impact access to resources which, in turn, can impact outcomes. It is important to know what services are available and who can access them.

Step 4: Family composition.

Using the planning table below, identify at least two details about the composition of the family. Who is living in the home? How many generations live in the home? What is the marital status of the parents? Are there siblings? Family composition can be a source of strength as well as a source of stress. Use this section to flesh out the details of the family in your scenario.

Step 5: Identify the type of issue in your scenario.

Use the planning table to identify the type of issue(s) present in your scenario. Check all that you think could apply. This will help you to figure out where you can find information on your topic. For example, if you are dealing with a topic like behavioral issues that emerge in a child after military deployment of a parent, you might start looking for research in psychology journals that deal with military families, like “Military Family Therapy.”

Step 6: Identify possible sites of impact for addressing your scenario.

Using the planning table, identify possible sites of impact for your scenario. For example, if you are interested in “choosing daycare,” you would probably select “daycare” as a site of impact, but you might also select “home” if you are interested in how daycare impacts behavior in the home. You might also select “school,” if you think the quality of daycare has an impact on academic performance.

Step 7: Identify potential solutions to address your scenario.

Using the planning table, check off the potential solution(s) that could form the basis of your parenting action plan.

Instructions: Choose and write down your topic and ideas about: The topic/title, why you think it is important, and where you think you will look for resources.

Use the Planning Table below to create your chosen topic. Each section of the table below may be used to narrow down the specifics of your research paper. Each section will help to get you thinking about the aspects of your action plan. In the example below, the sections of the table appear in parenthesis to exemplify how these sections relate to your topic choice. Please note that these sections form a part of the final paper write up, and as such can be used while writing up your final paper.

AFP Part 1: Planning Table

STEP 1: SCENARIO

(write your chosen

scenario below)

STEP 2: AGE GROUP OF INTEREST

  • Birth-3 yrs
  • 3-10 yrs
  • 10-13 yrs
  • 14-18 yrs
  • 18-21 yrs

STEP 3: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS

  • lower
  • middle
  • upper

STEP 4: FAMILY COMPOSITION

(include at least 2 of these details)

  • Parental involvement?
  • Single, married, divorced?
  • Siblings?
  • Who is living in the home?
  • Employment status of parents?
  • Other?

STEP 5: TYPE OF PROBLEM

  • Schoolwork or Homework Issue
  • Behavioral Issue
  • Social Issue
  • Physical/Emotional Issue
  • Other:________

STEP 6: SITES OF IMPACT

  • Home
  • School
  • Daycare
  • Parent Workplace
  • Public Spaces (e.g. playground, retail, grocery store, etc.)
  • Other:__________

STEP 7: POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS

  • Home Plan
  • School Strategy
  • Community Support Groups
  • Behavioral Health Plan
  • Medical/Health Plan
  • Special Programs/Supports
  • Other:_______

STEP 8: Crafting your parenting case study.

Write a parenting case study that incorporates all of the information in the planning table (Steps 1-6). Your case study should be 1-2 paragraphs in length. You may want to add details now or as your research progresses to make your case study more interesting.

Example:

The current case study involves a child with significant learning disabilities who is 8 years old and from a middle-class socioeconomic status background. The child has a 10-year-old sister with no known learning disabilities or behavioral issues. Parents recently separated, but both parents are actively involved with the children. A parenting action plan will be developed to address the child’s problems with schoolwork. I will discuss the case in the context of home and school (i.e. sites of impact), providing solutions that may include a home plan to address the parental separation as well as special programs in school and community supports (i.e. potential solutions).

SOPHIA College Readiness

QUESTION

Touchstones are projects that illustrate your comprehension of the course material, help you to refine skills, and demonstrate application of knowledge. You can work on a Touchstone anytime, but you can’t submit it for grading until you have completed the unit’s Milestone. After you’ve submitted a Touchstone, it will be graded and counted towards your final course score.

Touchstone 3: Success Narrative

ASSIGNMENT: For this Touchstone, you will be writing a 2-3 page success narrative consisting of three components. Specifically, you will write about the following:

Who I Am Now: Create a brief biographical statement describing your academic and professional history, as well as any relevant personal characteristics you’d like to share.

My Goals: Identify three (3) professional and/or academic long-term goals for your future. 

How I Will Get There: Based on the professional or academic goals you created, identify at least two (2) short-term steps for each of these goals, and set target dates for each of these short-term steps. Make sure that in your plan to achieve these goals, you account for obstacles that may present themselves along the way. 

Sample Touchstone

In order to foster learning and growth, all work you submit must be newly written specifically for this course. Any plagiarized or recycled work will result in a Plagiarism Detected alert. Review Touchstones: Academic Integrity Guidelines for more about plagiarism and the Plagiarism Detected alert. For guidance on the use of generative AI technology, review Ethical Standards and Appropriate Use of AI.

  1. A. Directions
  2. Step 1. Who I am Now
  3. In this section of your narrative, write a paragraph describing your academic and professional history, and related personal characteristics.

Share your academic background, including your field of study, notable achievements, and any professional experience you have.

Highlight relevant personal characteristics, skills, or experiences that have shaped your journey so far.

Consider including personal anecdotes or impactful experiences that influenced your choices.

Step 2. My Goals

In this section of your narrative, write a paragraph stating three professional and/or academic long-term goals, and provide a brief QUESTION of each goal.

Identify three significant professional or academic aspirations you aim to achieve in the future.

Express how these goals align with your passions, skills, and values.

Step 3. How I Will Get There

In this section of your narrative, write a paragraph describing two or more short-term actions that you can take to achieve each goal described above.

For each of the three long-term goals, outline at least two short-term steps that will contribute to achieving them.

Consider potential obstacles or challenges that might hinder progress toward each step.

Provide strategies to overcome these obstacles or alternative plans if necessary.

Refer to the checklist below throughout the writing process. Do not submit your Touchstone until it meets these guidelines.

1. Who I Am Now
? Have you provided a brief biographical statement explaining your educational and career experiences thus far?
? Have you shared any personal characteristics (e.g., determination, flexibility) that you feel are relevant to your narrative?

  • 2. My Goals
    ? Have you provided three long-term goals you wish to accomplish?
    ? Have you connected those goals to either your academic or professional aspirations?
  • 3. How I Will Get There
    ? Have you identified and explained at least two short-term steps for achieving each of your three goals?
    ? Have you set target dates for each of these steps?
    ? Have you addressed any obstacles you might face in pursuit of these goals?
  • B. Rubric

Advanced (100%)Proficient (80%)Needs Improvement (60%)Non-Performance (0%)

Who I Am Now (35 points)

Write a paragraph describing your academic and professional history, and related personal characteristics.Includes a detailed QUESTION of academic and professional history in a single paragraph; includes personal characteristics to support the QUESTION.Includes a partially detailed QUESTION of academic and professional history in a single paragraph; includes some personal characteristics to support the QUESTION.Provides an incomplete QUESTION of academic and professional history (i.e., either academic or professional history is not described); does not include any personal characteristics.Does not include an academic biographical statement or a professional biographical statement; does not include any personal characteristics.

My Goals (35 points)

Write a paragraph stating three professional and/or academic long-term goals, and provide a brief QUESTION of each goal.

  • Identifies three professional and/or academic long-term goals; provides brief QUESTION of each.Identifies two professional and/or academic long-term goals; provides brief QUESTION of each.Identifies one professional and/or academic long-term goal; does not provide a QUESTION of the goal.Does not identify any professional and/or academic long-term goals.
  • How I Will Get There (35 points)

Write a paragraph describing two or more short-term actions that you can take to achieve each goal described above. 

Provides a detailed explanation of at least two short-term actions that be taken to achieve each goal.Provides a partially detailed explanation of at least one short-term action that can be taken to achieve each goal.Provides an incomplete explanation of at least one short-term action that can be taken to achieve each goal.Does not explain any short-term actions that can be taken to achieve the goals.

Overall Reflection (20 points)

Incorporate thoughtful personal reflection to connect the goals and actions described in the composition.

Demonstrates a clear connection between the goals and the actions that will help achieve them. The composition is at least 500 words.Provides a partially detailed connection between the goals and actions and/or partially establishes a timeline for the plan to achieve the goals. The composition is 1-100 words too short.Provides goals and actions, but does not establish a clear connection between them, and does not establish a timeline for the plan to achieve the goals. The composition is 100-200 words too short.Does not demonstrate a meaningful connection between the goals and proposed actions and no timeline to achieve the goals has been provided. The composition is more than 200 words too short.